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J Bacteriol. 1973 September; 115(3): 824-847
Copyright © 1973 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Chemotaxis Toward Sugars in Escherichia coli

Julius Adler, Gerald L. Hazelbauer and M. M. Dahl

Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706

ABSTRACT

Using a quantitative assay for measuring chemotaxis, we tested a variety of sugars and sugar derivatives for their ability to attract Escherichia coli bacteria. The most effective attractants, i.e., those that have thresholds near 10–5 M or below, are N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, 6-deoxy-D-glucose, D-fructose, D-fucose, 1-D-glycerol-ß-D-galactoside, galactitol, D-galactose, D-glucosamine, D-glucose, {alpha}-D-glucose-1-phosphate, lactose, maltose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, methyl-ß-D-galactoside, methyl-ß-D-glucoside, D-ribose, D-sorbitol, and trehalose. Lactose, and probably D-glucose-1-phosphate, are attractive only after conversion to the free monosaccharide, while the other attractants do not require breakdown for taxis. Nine different chemoreceptors are involved in detecting these various attractants. They are called the N-acetyl-glucosamine, fructose, galactose, glucose, maltose, mannitol, ribose, sorbitol, and trehalose chemoreceptors; the specificity of each was studied. The chemoreceptors, with the exception of the one for D-glucose, are inducible. The galactose-binding protein serves as the recognition component of the galactose chemoreceptor. E. coli also has osmotically shockable binding activities for maltose and D-ribose, and these appear to serve as the recognition components for the corresponding chemoreceptors.

J Bacteriol. 1973 September; 115(3): 824-847
Copyright © 1973 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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