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Extrachromosomal Elements in Group N Streptococci¹

^a Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55101

ABSTRACT

The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of Streptococcus lactis C2, S. cremoris B₁, and S. diacetilactis 18-16 was labeled by growing cells in Trypticase soy broth containing ³H-labeled thymine. The cells were gently lysed with lysozyme, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and sodium lauryl sulfate. The chromosomal DNA was separated from plasmid DNA by precipitation with 1.0 M sodium chloride. The existence of covalently closed circular DNA in the three organisms was shown by cesium chloride-ethidium bromide equilibrium density gradient centrifugation of the cleared lysate material. In an attempt to correlate the loss of lactose metabolism with the loss of plasmid DNA, lactose-negative mutants of these organisms were examined for the presence of extrachromosomal particles. Covalently closed circular DNA was detected in the lactose-negative mutants of S. lactis C2 and S. diacetilactis 18-16. In S. cremoris B₁, however, no covalently closed circular DNA was observed by using cesium chloride-ethidium bromide gradients. Electron micrographs of the satellite band material from S. lactis C2 and its lactose-negative mutant confirmed the presence of plasmid DNA. Three distinct plasmids having approximate molecular weights of 1.3 x 10⁶, 2.1 x 10⁶, and 5.1 x 10⁶ were observed in both organisms.

² Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. 98195.

¹ Scientific Journal Series Paper no. 8442, Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, St. Paul, Minn. 55101.