This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Pike, R. N. Articles by Travis, J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Pike, R. N. Articles by Travis, J.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

J. Bacteriol., 05 1996, 2876-2882, Vol 178, No. 10
Copyright © 1996, American Society for Microbiology

Characterization of the binding activities of proteinase-adhesin complexes from Porphyromonas gingivalis

RN Pike, J Potempa, W McGraw, TH Coetzer and J Travis
Biochemistry Department, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.

Adhesins from oral bacteria perform an important function in colonizing target tissues within the dentogingival cavity. In Porphyromonas gingivalis certain of these adhesion proteins exist as a complex with either of two major proteinases referred to as gingipain R (arginine- specific gingipain) and gingipain K (lysine-specific gingipain) (R. N. Pike, W. T. McGraw, J. Potempa, and J. Travis, J. Biol. Chem. 269:406- 411, 1994). With specific proteinase inhibitors, it was shown that hemagglutination by either proteinase-adhesin complex could occur independently of proteinase activity. Significantly, low concentrations of fibrinogen, fibronectin, and laminin inhibited hemagglutination, indicating that adherence to these proteins and not the hemagglutination activity was a primary property of the adhesin activity component of complexes. Binding studies with gingipain K and gingipain R suggest that interaction with fibrinogen is a major function of the adhesin domain, with dissociation constants for binding to fibrinogen being 4 and 8.5 nM, respectively. Specific association with fibronectin and laminin was also found. All bound proteins were degraded by the functional proteinase domain, with gingipain R being more active on laminin and fibronectin and gingipain K being more effective in the digestion of fibrinogen. Cumulatively, these data suggest that gingipain R and gingipain K, acting as proteinase-adhesin complexes, progressively attach to, degrade, and detach from target proteins. Since such complexes appear to be present on the surfaces of both vesicles and membranes of P. gingivalis, they may play an important role in the attachment of this bacterium to host cell surfaces.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Bamford, C. V., Fenno, J. C., Jenkinson, H. F., Dymock, D. (2007). The Chymotrypsin-Like Protease Complex of Treponema denticola ATCC 35405 Mediates Fibrinogen Adherence and Degradation. Infect. Immun. 75: 4364-4372 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sakai, E., Naito, M., Sato, K., Hotokezaka, H., Kadowaki, T., Kamaguchi, A., Yamamoto, K., Okamoto, K., Nakayama, K. (2007). Construction of Recombinant Hemagglutinin Derived from the Gingipain-Encoding Gene of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Identification of Its Target Protein on Erythrocytes, and Inhibition of Hemagglutination by an Interdomain Regional Peptide. J. Bacteriol. 189: 3977-3986 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yamatake, K., Maeda, M., Kadowaki, T., Takii, R., Tsukuba, T., Ueno, T., Kominami, E., Yokota, S., Yamamoto, K. (2007). Role for Gingipains in Porphyromonas gingivalis Traffic to Phagolysosomes and Survival in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells. Infect. Immun. 75: 2090-2100 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pathirana, R. D., O'Brien-Simpson, N. M., Visvanathan, K., Hamilton, J. A., Reynolds, E. C. (2007). Flow Cytometric Analysis of Adherence of Porphyromonas gingivalis to Oral Epithelial Cells. Infect. Immun. 75: 2484-2492 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hashimoto, M., Kadowaki, T., Tsukuba, T., Yamamoto, K. (2006). Selective Proteolysis of Apolipoprotein B-100 by Arg-Gingipain Mediates Atherosclerosis Progression Accelerated by Bacterial Exposure. J Biochem 140: 713-723 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pathirana, R. D., O'Brien-Simpson, N. M., Veith, P. D., Riley, P. F., Reynolds, E. C. (2006). Characterization of proteinase-adhesin complexes of Porphyromonas gingivalis.. Microbiology 152: 2381-2394 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• O'Brien-Simpson, N. M., Pathirana, R. D., Paolini, R. A., Chen, Y.-Y., Veith, P. D., Tam, V., Ally, N., Pike, R. N., Reynolds, E. C. (2005). An Immune Response Directed to Proteinase and Adhesin Functional Epitopes Protects against Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Periodontal Bone Loss. J. Immunol. 175: 3980-3989 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nelson, K. E., Fleischmann, R. D., DeBoy, R. T., Paulsen, I. T., Fouts, D. E., Eisen, J. A., Daugherty, S. C., Dodson, R. J., Durkin, A. S., Gwinn, M., Haft, D. H., Kolonay, J. F., Nelson, W. C., Mason, T., Tallon, L., Gray, J., Granger, D., Tettelin, H., Dong, H., Galvin, J. L., Duncan, M. J., Dewhirst, F. E., Fraser, C. M. (2003). Complete Genome Sequence of the Oral Pathogenic Bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis Strain W83. J. Bacteriol. 185: 5591-5601 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Rose, J. E., Meyer, D. H., Fives-Taylor, P. M. (2003). Aae, an Autotransporter Involved in Adhesion of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans to Epithelial Cells. Infect. Immun. 71: 2384-2393 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kamaguchi, A., Ohyama, T., Sakai, E., Nakamura, R., Watanabe, T., Baba, H., Nakayama, K. (2003). Adhesins encoded by the gingipain genes of Porphyromonas gingivalis are responsible for co-aggregation with Prevotella intermedia. Microbiology 149: 1257-1264 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fong, K. P., Gao, L., Demuth, D. R. (2003). luxS and arcB Control Aerobic Growth of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans under Iron Limitation. Infect. Immun. 71: 298-308 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Scragg, M. A., Alsam, A., Rangarajan, M., Slaney, J. M., Shepherd, P., Williams, D. M., Curtis, M. A. (2002). Nuclear Targeting of Porphyromonas gingivalis W50 Protease in Epithelial Cells. Infect. Immun. 70: 5740-5750 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tada, H., Sugawara, S., Nemoto, E., Takahashi, N., Imamura, T., Potempa, J., Travis, J., Shimauchi, H., Takada, H. (2002). Proteolysis of CD14 on Human Gingival Fibroblasts by Arginine-Specific Cysteine Proteinases from Porphyromonas gingivalis Leading to Down-Regulation of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Interleukin-8 Production. Infect. Immun. 70: 3304-3307 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Katz, J., Yang, Q.-B., Zhang, P., Potempa, J., Travis, J., Michalek, S. M., Balkovetz, D. F. (2002). Hydrolysis of Epithelial Junctional Proteins by Porphyromonas gingivalis Gingipains. Infect. Immun. 70: 2512-2518 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• O'Brien-Simpson, N. M., Paolini, R. A., Hoffmann, B., Slakeski, N., Dashper, S. G., Reynolds, E. C. (2001). Role of RgpA, RgpB, and Kgp Proteinases in Virulence of Porphyromonas gingivalis W50 in a Murine Lesion Model. Infect. Immun. 69: 7527-7534 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gibson, F. C. III, Genco, C. A. (2001). Prevention of Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Oral Bone Loss following Immunization with Gingipain R1. Infect. Immun. 69: 7959-7963 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chung, W. O., Park, Y., Lamont, R. J., McNab, R., Barbieri, B., Demuth, D. R. (2001). Signaling System in Porphyromonas gingivalis Based on a LuxS Protein. J. Bacteriol. 183: 3903-3909 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lourbakos, A., Yuan, Y., Jenkins, A. L., Travis, J., Andrade-Gordon, P., Santulli, R., Potempa, J., Pike, R. N. (2001). Activation of protease-activated receptors by gingipains from Porphyromonas gingivalis leads to platelet aggregation: a new trait in microbial pathogenicity. Blood 97: 3790-3797 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, T., Nakayama, K., Belliveau, L., Duncan, M. J. (2001). Porphyromonas gingivalis Gingipains and Adhesion to Epithelial Cells. Infect. Immun. 69: 3048-3056 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Davey, M. E., O'toole, G. A. (2000). Microbial Biofilms: from Ecology to Molecular Genetics. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 64: 847-867 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• O'Brien-Simpson, N. M., Paolini, R. A., Reynolds, E. C. (2000). RgpA-Kgp Peptide-Based Immunogens Provide Protection against Porphyromonas gingivalis Challenge in a Murine Lesion Model. Infect. Immun. 68: 4055-4063 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sugawara, S., Nemoto, E., Tada, H., Miyake, K., Imamura, T., Takada, H. (2000). Proteolysis of Human Monocyte CD14 by Cysteine Proteinases (Gingipains) from Porphyromonas gingivalis Leading to Lipopolysaccharide Hyporesponsiveness. J. Immunol. 165: 411-418 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• O'Brien-Simpson, N. M., Black, C. L., Bhogal, P. S., Cleal, S. M., Slakeski, N., Higgins, T. J., Reynolds, E. C. (2000). Serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG Subclass Responses to the RgpA-Kgp Proteinase-Adhesin Complex of Porphyromonas gingivalis in Adult Periodontitis. Infect. Immun. 68: 2704-2712 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, W., Kuramitsu, H. K. (1999). Molecular Mechanism for the Spontaneous Generation of Pigmentless Porphyromonas gingivalis Mutants. Infect. Immun. 67: 4926-4930 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lewis, J. P., Dawson, J. A., Hannis, J. C., Muddiman, D., Macrina, F. L. (1999). Hemoglobinase Activity of the Lysine Gingipain Protease (Kgp) of Porphyromonas gingivalis W83. J. Bacteriol. 181: 4905-4913 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Curtis, M. A., Thickett, A., Slaney, J. M., Rangarajan, M., Aduse-Opoku, J., Shepherd, P., Paramonov, N., Hounsell, E. F. (1999). Variable Carbohydrate Modifications to the Catalytic Chains of the RgpA and RgpB Proteases of Porphyromonas gingivalis W50. Infect. Immun. 67: 3816-3823 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lewis, J. P., Macrina, F. L. (1999). Localization of HArep-Containing Genes on the Chromosome of Porphyromonas gingivalis W83. Infect. Immun. 67: 2619-2623 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Scragg, M. A., Cannon, S. J., Rangarajan, M., Williams, D. M., Curtis, M. A. (1999). Targeted Disruption of Fibronectin-Integrin Interactions in Human Gingival Fibroblasts by the RI Protease of Porphyromonas gingivalis W50. Infect. Immun. 67: 1837-1843 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Barkocy-Gallagher, G. A., Foley, J. W., Lantz, M. S. (1999). Activities of the Porphyromonas gingivalis PrtP Proteinase Determined by Construction of prtP-Deficient Mutants and Expression of the Gene in Bacteroides Species. J. Bacteriol. 181: 246-255 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lamont, R. J., Jenkinson, H. F. (1998). Life Below the Gum Line: Pathogenic Mechanisms of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 62: 1244-1263 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Park, Y., Lamont, R. J. (1998). Contact-Dependent Protein Secretion in Porphyromonas gingivalis. Infect. Immun. 66: 4777-4782 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Takeshita, A., Murakami, Y., Yamashita, Y., Ishida, M., Fujisawa, S., Kitano, S., Hanazawa, S. (1998). Porphyromonas gingivalis Fimbriae Use beta 2 Integrin (CD11/CD18) on Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages as a Cellular Receptor, and the CD18 beta  Chain Plays a Functional Role in Fimbrial Signaling. Infect. Immun. 66: 4056-4060 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Genco, C. A., Odusanya, B. M., Potempa, J., Mikolajczyk-Pawlinska, J., Travis, J. (1998). A Peptide Domain on Gingipain R Which Confers Immunity against Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection in Mice. Infect. Immun. 66: 4108-4114 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Potempa, J., Mikolajczyk-Pawlinska, J., Brassell, D., Nelson, D., Thogersen, I. B., Enghild, J. J., Travis, J. (1998). Comparative Properties of Two Cysteine Proteinases (Gingipains R), the Products of Two Related but Individual Genes of Porphyromonas gingivalis. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 21648-21657 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lewis, J. P., Macrina, F. L. (1998). IS195, an Insertion Sequence-Like Element Associated with Protease Genes in Porphyromonas gingivalis. Infect. Immun. 66: 3035-3042 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Imamura, T., Potempa, J., Tanase, S., Travis, J. (1997). Activation of Blood Coagulation Factor X by Arginine-specific Cysteine Proteinases (Gingipain-Rs) from Porphyromonas gingivalis. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 16062-16067 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shi, Y., Kong, W., Nakayama, K. (2000). Human Lactoferrin Binds and Removes the Hemoglobin Receptor Protein of the Periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 30002-30008 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Imamura, T., Banbula, A., Pereira, P. J. B., Travis, J., Potempa, J. (2001). Activation of Human Prothrombin by Arginine-specific Cysteine Proteinases (Gingipains R) from Porphyromonas gingivalis*. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 18984-18991 [Abstract] [Full Text]