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J Bacteriol, February 1998, p. 680-689, Vol. 180, No. 3
0021-9193/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Archaeal Binding Protein-Dependent ABC Transporter: Molecular and Biochemical Analysis of the Trehalose/Maltose Transport System of the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Thermococcus litoralis

Reinhold Horlacher,1 Karina B. Xavier,2 Helena Santos,2 Jocelyne Diruggiero,3 Marina Kossmann,1 and Winfried Boos1,*

Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany1; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica UNL, 2780 Oeiras, Portugal2; and Center of Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 212023

Received 28 August 1997/Accepted 18 November 1997

We report the cloning and sequencing of a gene cluster encoding a maltose/trehalose transport system of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus litoralis that is homologous to the malEFG cluster encoding the Escherichia coli maltose transport system. The deduced amino acid sequence of the malE product, the trehalose/maltose-binding protein (TMBP), shows at its N terminus a signal sequence typical for bacterial secreted proteins containing a glyceride lipid modification at the N-terminal cysteine. The T. litoralis malE gene was expressed in E. coli under control of an inducible promoter with and without its natural signal sequence. In addition, in one construct the endogenous signal sequence was replaced by the E. coli MalE signal sequence. The secreted, soluble recombinant protein was analyzed for its binding activity towards trehalose and maltose. The protein bound both sugars at 85°C with a Kd of 0.16 µM. Antibodies raised against the recombinant soluble TMBP recognized the detergent-soluble TMBP isolated from T. litoralis membranes as well as the products from all other DNA constructs expressed in E. coli. Transmembrane segments 1 and 2 as well as the N-terminal portion of the large periplasmic loop of the E. coli MalF protein are missing in the T. litoralis MalF. MalG is homologous throughout the entire sequence, including the six transmembrane segments. The conserved EAA loop is present in both proteins. The strong homology found between the components of this archaeal transport system and the bacterial systems is evidence for the evolutionary conservation of the binding protein-dependent ABC transport systems in these two phylogenetic branches.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany. Phone: 49 7531-88-2658. Fax: 49 7531-88-3356. E-mail: Winfried.Boos{at}uni-konstanz.de.




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