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J Bacteriol, March 1998, p. 1418-1424, Vol. 180, No. 6
0021-9193/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Loss of the Plasma Membrane-Bound Protein Gas1p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Results in the Release of beta 1,3-Glucan into the Medium and Induces a Compensation Mechanism To Ensure Cell Wall Integrity

Arthur F. J. Ram,1,dagger Johan C. Kapteyn,1 Roy C. Montijn,1 L. Heleen P. Caro,1 Jeroen E. Douwes,2 Walter Baginsky,3 Paul Mazur,3 Herman van den Ende,1 and Frans M. Klis1,*

Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, BioCentrum Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, 1098 SM Amsterdam,1 and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Agricultural University, Wageningen,2 The Netherlands, and Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 070653

Received 25 September 1997/Accepted 12 January 1998

Deletion of GAS1/GGP1/CWH52 results in a lower beta -glucan content of the cell wall and swollen, more spherical cells (L. Popolo, M. Vai, E. Gatti, S. Porello, P. Bonfante, R. Balestrini, and L. Alberghina, J. Bacteriol. 175:1879-1885, 1993; A. F. J. Ram, S. S. C. Brekelmans, L. J. W. M. Oehlen, and F. M. Klis, FEBS Lett. 358:165-170, 1995). We show here that gas1Delta cells release beta 1,3-glucan into the medium. Western analysis of the medium proteins with beta 1,3-glucan- and beta 1,6-glucan-specific antibodies showed further that at least some of the released beta 1,3-glucan was linked to protein as part of a beta 1,3-glucan-beta 1,6-glucan-protein complex. These data indicate that Gas1p might play a role in the retention of beta 1,3-glucan and/or beta -glucosylated proteins. Interestingly, the defective incorporation of beta 1,3-glucan in the cell wall was accompanied by an increase in chitin and mannan content in the cell wall, an enhanced expression of cell wall protein 1 (Cwp1p), and an increase in beta 1,3-glucan synthase activity, probably caused by the induced expression of Fks2p. It is proposed that the cell wall weakening caused by the loss of Gas1p induces a set of compensatory reactions to ensure cell integrity.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Fungal Cell Wall Group, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, BioCentrum Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 318, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Phone: (31) 20 5257834. Fax: (31) 20 5257934. E-mail: klis{at}bio.uva.nl.

dagger Present address: Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, Aspergillus Group, Clusius Laboratories, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands.




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