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Journal of Bacteriology, February 1999, p. 757-763, Vol. 181, No. 3
0021-9193/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Structure of the Ring Cleavage Product of 1-Hydroxy-2-Naphthoate, an Intermediate of the Phenanthrene-Degradative Pathway of Nocardioides sp. Strain KP7

Kyoko Adachi,1 Tokuro Iwabuchi,2,* Hiroshi Sano,1,dagger and Shigeaki Harayama2

Marine Biotechnology Institute, Shimizu Laboratories, Sodeshi, Shimizu, Shizuoka 424-0037,1 and Marine Biotechnology Institute, Kamaishi Laboratories, Heita, Kamaishi, Iwate 026-0001,2 Japan

Received 13 August 1998/Accepted 13 November 1998

1-Hydroxy-2-naphthoate (compound I) is a metabolite of the phenanthrene-degradative pathway in Nocardioides sp. strain KP7. This singly hydroxylated aromatic compound is cleaved by 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate dioxygenase. In this study, the structure of the ring cleavage product generated by the action of homogeneous 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate dioxygenase was determined upon separation by high-performance liquid chromatography at pH 2.5 by using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopic techniques. The ring cleavage product at this pH existed in equilibrium between two forms, 2-oxo-3-(3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-1-isobenzofuranyl)propanoate (compound III) and 2,2-dihydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-1-isobenzofuranyl)propanoate (compound IV). After the pH of the solution was raised to 7.5, the structure of the major species became (E)-4-(2-carboxylatophenyl)-2-oxo-3-butenoate (compound II; common name, trans-2'-carboxybenzalpyruvate), which was in equilibrium with compound III. Direct monitoring of the enzymatic formation of the ring cleavage product by 1H-NMR in a deuterated potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) detected only compound II as a product, and the proton on carbon 3 of compound II was not exchanged with deuterium. Thus, compound II is likely to be the first stable product of dioxygenation of 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Shiseido Research Center, 1050 Nippa, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8553, Japan. Phone: 81-45-542-1337. Fax: 81-45-545-3434. E-mail: toku.iwabuchi{at}nifty.ne.jp.

dagger Present address: Kyowa Hakko Kogyo, 1-6-1 Ohtemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8185, Japan.


Journal of Bacteriology, February 1999, p. 757-763, Vol. 181, No. 3
0021-9193/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.



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