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Journal of Bacteriology, March 1999, p. 1767-1778, Vol. 181, No. 6
0021-9193/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Sequence of Shiga Toxin 2 Phage 933W from
Escherichia coli O157:H7: Shiga Toxin as a Phage
Late-Gene Product
Guy
Plunkett III,*
Debra J.
Rose,
Timothy J.
Durfee,
and
Frederick R.
Blattner
Laboratory of Genetics, University of
Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
Received 23 July 1998/Accepted 6 January 1999
Lysogenic bacteriophages are major vehicles for the transfer of
genetic information between bacteria, including pathogenicity and/or virulence determinants. In the enteric pathogen
Escherichia coli O157:H7, which causes hemorrhagic colitis
and hemolytic-uremic syndrome, Shiga toxins 1 and 2 (Stx1 and Stx2) are
phage encoded. The sequence and analysis of the Stx2 phage 933W is
presented here. We find evidence that the toxin genes are part of a
late-phage transcript, suggesting that toxin production may be coupled
with, if not dependent upon, phage release during lytic growth.
Another phage gene, stk, encodes a product resembling
eukaryotic serine/threonine protein kinases. Based on its position in
the sequence, Stk may be produced by the prophage in the lysogenic
state, and, like the YpkA protein of Yersinia species, it
may interfere with the signal transduction pathway of the mammalian
host. Three novel tRNA genes present in the phage genome may serve to
increase the availability of rare tRNA species associated with
efficient expression of pathogenicity determinants: both the Shiga
toxin and serine/threonine kinase genes contain rare isoleucine and
arginine codons. 933W also has homology to lom,
encoding a member of a family of outer membrane proteins associated
with virulence by conferring the ability to survive in macrophages, and
bor, implicated in serum resistance.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of
Genetics, University of Wisconsin, 445 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706. Phone: (608) 262-2534. Fax: (608) 263-7459. E-mail:
ecoli{at}genetics.wisc.edu.

Paper 3519 from the Laboratory of
Genetics.

Present address: Department of Plant & Microbial Biology,
University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102.
Journal of Bacteriology, March 1999, p. 1767-1778, Vol. 181, No. 6
0021-9193/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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65: 3855-3861
[Abstract]
[Full Text]