Previous Article | Next Article 
Journal of Bacteriology, May 2000, p. 2900-2908, Vol. 182, No. 10
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Gene Rearrangements in the vsa Locus of
Mycoplasma pulmonis
Xuejun
Shen,
Juliann
Gumulak,
Huilan
Yu,
C. Todd
French,
Nianxiang
Zou, and
Kevin
Dybvig*
Department of Comparative Medicine,
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0019
Received 2 December 1999/Accepted 25 February 2000
The vsa genes of Mycoplasma pulmonis encode
the V-1 lipoproteins. Most V-1 proteins contain repetitive domains and
are thought to be involved in mycoplasma-host cell interactions.
Previously, we have reported the isolation and characterization of six
vsa genes comprising a 10-kb region of the genome of
M. pulmonis strain KD735-15. In the current study,
vsa-specific probes were used to clone several fragments
from a genomic library of KD735-15 DNA and assemble a single 20-kb
contig containing 11 vsa genes. The middle region of the
vsa locus contains a large open reading frame (ORF) that is
not a vsa gene and has undergone an internal deletion in
some strains. The ORF is predicted to encode a membrane protein that
may have a role in disease pathogenesis. To examine vsa
genes in a strain of M. pulmonis that is unrelated to
KD735-15, strain CT was studied. Through Southern hybridization and
genomic cloning analyses, CT was found to possess homologs of
the KD735-15 vsaA, -C, -E, and
-F genes and two unique genes (vsaG and
vsaH) that were not found in KD735-15. High-frequency,
site-specific DNA inversions serve to regulate the phase-variable
production of individual V-1 proteins. As a result of the sequence
analysis of vsa recombination products, a model in which
DNA inversion arises from strand exchange involving at least six
nucleotides of the vrs box is proposed.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Comparative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Volker Hall, Room 418A, Birmingham, AL 35294-0019. Phone: (205) 934-9327. Fax: (205)
975-4418. E-mail: dybvig{at}uab.edu.
Journal of Bacteriology, May 2000, p. 2900-2908, Vol. 182, No. 10
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
This article has been cited by other articles:
-
Nouvel, L.-X., Marenda, M., Sirand-Pugnet, P., Sagne, E., Glew, M., Mangenot, S., Barbe, V., Barre, A., Claverol, S., Citti, C.
(2009). Occurrence, Plasticity, and Evolution of the vpma Gene Family, a Genetic System Devoted to High-Frequency Surface Variation in Mycoplasma agalactiae. J. Bacteriol.
191: 4111-4121
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Horino, A., Kenri, T., Sasaki, Y., Okamura, N., Sasaki, T.
(2009). Identification of a site-specific tyrosine recombinase that mediates promoter inversions of phase-variable mpl lipoprotein genes in Mycoplasma penetrans. Microbiology
155: 1241-1249
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Madsen, M. L., Oneal, M. J., Gardner, S. W., Strait, E. L., Nettleton, D., Thacker, E. L., Minion, F. C.
(2007). Array-Based Genomic Comparative Hybridization Analysis of Field Strains of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. J. Bacteriol.
189: 7977-7982
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Rajan, I., Aravamuthan, S., Mande, S. S.
(2007). Identification of compositionally distinct regions in genomes using the centroid method. Bioinformatics
23: 2672-2677
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Simmons, W. L., Dybvig, K.
(2007). Biofilms Protect Mycoplasma pulmonis Cells from Lytic Effects of Complement and Gramicidin. Infect. Immun.
75: 3696-3699
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Simmons, W. L., Bolland, J. R., Daubenspeck, J. M., Dybvig, K.
(2007). A Stochastic Mechanism for Biofilm Formation by Mycoplasma pulmonis. J. Bacteriol.
189: 1905-1913
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Gyohda, A., Zhu, S., Furuya, N., Komano, T.
(2006). Asymmetry of Shufflon-specific Recombination Sites in Plasmid R64 Inhibits Recombination between Direct sfx Sequences. J. Biol. Chem.
281: 20772-20779
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Bowden, M. G., Chen, W., Singvall, J., Xu, Y., Peacock, S. J., Valtulina, V., Speziale, P., Hook, M.
(2005). Identification and preliminary characterization of cell-wall-anchored proteins of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Microbiology
151: 1453-1464
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Denison, A. M., Clapper, B., Dybvig, K.
(2005). Avoidance of the Host Immune System through Phase Variation in Mycoplasma pulmonis. Infect. Immun.
73: 2033-2039
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Gaurivaud, P., Persson, A., Grand, D. L., Westberg, J., Solsona, M., Johansson, K.-E., Poumarat, F.
(2004). Variability of a glucose phosphotransferase system permease in Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small Colony. Microbiology
150: 4009-4022
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Jaffe, J. D., Stange-Thomann, N., Smith, C., DeCaprio, D., Fisher, S., Butler, J., Calvo, S., Elkins, T., FitzGerald, M. G., Hafez, N., Kodira, C. D., Major, J., Wang, S., Wilkinson, J., Nicol, R., Nusbaum, C., Birren, B., Berg, H. C., Church, G. M.
(2004). The Complete Genome and Proteome of Mycoplasma mobile. Genome Res
14: 1447-1461
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
van der Woude, M. W., Baumler, A. J.
(2004). Phase and Antigenic Variation in Bacteria. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.
17: 581-611
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Simmons, W. L., Dybvig, K.
(2003). The Vsa Proteins Modulate Susceptibility of Mycoplasma pulmonis to Complement Killing, Hemadsorption, and Adherence to Polystyrene. Infect. Immun.
71: 5733-5738
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Flitman-Tene, R., Mudahi-Orenstein, S., Levisohn, S., Yogev, D.
(2003). Variable Lipoprotein Genes of Mycoplasma agalactiae Are Activated In Vivo by Promoter Addition via Site-Specific DNA Inversions. Infect. Immun.
71: 3821-3830
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Horino, A., Sasaki, Y., Sasaki, T., Kenri, T.
(2003). Multiple Promoter Inversions Generate Surface Antigenic Variation in Mycoplasma penetrans. J. Bacteriol.
185: 231-242
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Calcutt, M. J., Lewis, M. S., Wise, K. S.
(2002). Molecular Genetic Analysis of ICEF, an Integrative Conjugal Element That Is Present as a Repetitive Sequence in the Chromosome of Mycoplasma fermentans PG18. J. Bacteriol.
184: 6929-6941
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Glew, M. D., Marenda, M., Rosengarten, R., Citti, C.
(2002). Surface Diversity in Mycoplasma agalactiae Is Driven by Site-Specific DNA Inversions within the vpma Multigene Locus. J. Bacteriol.
184: 5987-5998
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Persson, A., Jacobsson, K., Frykberg, L., Johansson, K.-E., Poumarat, F.
(2002). Variable Surface Protein Vmm of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small Colony Type. J. Bacteriol.
184: 3712-3722
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Rocha, E. P. C., Blanchard, A.
(2002). Genomic repeats, genome plasticity and the dynamics of Mycoplasma evolution. Nucleic Acids Res
30: 2031-2042
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Nussbaum, S., Lysnyansky, I., Sachse, K., Levisohn, S., Yogev, D.
(2002). Extended Repertoire of Genes Encoding Variable Surface Lipoproteins in Mycoplasma bovis Strains. Infect. Immun.
70: 2220-2225
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Teachman, A. M., French, C. T., Yu, H., Simmons, W. L., Dybvig, K.
(2002). Gene Transfer in Mycoplasma pulmonis. J. Bacteriol.
184: 947-951
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Lysnyansky, I., Ron, Y., Yogev, D.
(2001). Juxtaposition of an Active Promoter to vsp Genes via Site-Specific DNA Inversions Generates Antigenic Variation in Mycoplasma bovis. J. Bacteriol.
183: 5698-5708
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Chambaud, I., Heilig, R., Ferris, S., Barbe, V., Samson, D., Galisson, F., Moszer, I., Dybvig, K., Wroblewski, H., Viari, A., Rocha, E. P.C., Blanchard, A.
(2001). The complete genome sequence of the murine respiratory pathogen Mycoplasma pulmonis. Nucleic Acids Res
29: 2145-2153
[Abstract]
[Full Text]