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Journal of Bacteriology, June 2000, p. 3219-3227, Vol. 182, No. 11
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Distinctiveness of Genotypes of Helicobacter pylori in
Calcutta, India
Asish K.
Mukhopadhyay,1
Dangeruta
Kersulyte,1
Jin-Yong
Jeong,1
Simanti
Datta,2
Yoshiyuki
Ito,1,3
Abhijit
Chowdhury,4
Sujit
Chowdhury,4
Amal
Santra,4
Sujit K.
Bhattacharya,2
Takeshi
Azuma,3
G. Balakrish
Nair,2 and
Douglas
E.
Berg1,*
Department of Molecular Microbiology,
Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri
63110,1 National Institute of
Cholera and Enteric Disease,2 and
Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Post Graduate
Medical Education and Research,4 Calcutta,
India, and Second Department of Internal Medicine, Fukui
Medical University, Fukui, Japan3
Received 31 January 2000/Accepted 15 March 2000
The genotypes of 78 strains of Helicobacter pylori from
Calcutta, India (55 from ulcer patients and 23 from more-benign
infections), were studied, with a focus on putative virulence genes and
neutral DNA markers that were likely to be phylogenetically
informative. PCR tests indicated that 80 to 90% of Calcutta strains
carried the cag pathogenicity island (PAI) and potentially
toxigenic vacAs1 alleles of the vacuolating cytotoxin
gene (vacA), independent of disease status. This was higher
than in the West (where cag PAI+
vacAs1 genotypes are disease associated) but lower than
in east Asia. The iceA2 gene was weakly disease associated
in Calcutta, whereas in the West the alternative but unrelated
iceA1 gene at the same locus is weakly disease associated.
DNA sequence motifs of vacAm1 (middle region) alleles
formed a cluster that was distinct from those of east Asia and the
West, whereas the cagA sequences of Calcutta and Western
strains were closely related. An internal deletion found in 20% of
Calcutta iceA1 genes was not seen in any of ~200 strains
studied from other geographic regions and thus seemed to be unique to
this H. pylori population. Two mobile DNAs that were rare
in east Asian strains were also common in Calcutta. About 90% of
Calcutta strains were metronidazole resistant. These findings support
the idea that H. pylori gene pools differ regionally and
emphasize the potential importance of studies of Indian and other
non-Western H. pylori populations in developing a global
understanding of this gastric pathogen and associated disease.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Molecular Microbiology, Campus Box 8230, Washington University
Medical School, 4566 Scott Ave., St. Louis, MO 63110. Phone:
(314) 362-2772. Fax: (314) 362-1232 or -3203. E-mail:
berg{at}borcim.wustl.edu.
Journal of Bacteriology, June 2000, p. 3219-3227, Vol. 182, No. 11
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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