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Journal of Bacteriology, September 2000, p. 4738-4743, Vol. 182, No. 17
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

The Membrane-Bound H+-ATPase Complex Is Essential for Growth of Lactococcus lactis

Brian J. Koebmann,1,2 Dan Nilsson,2 Oscar P. Kuipers,3,dagger and Peter R. Jensen1,*

Department of Microbiology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby,1 and Department of Physiology, Chr. Hansen A/S, DK-2970 Hørsholm,2 Denmark, and Microbial Ingredients Section, NIZO Food Research, NL-6710 BA Ede, The Netherlands3

Received 10 January 2000/Accepted 13 June 2000

The eight genes which encode the (F1Fo) H+-ATPase in Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris MG1363 were cloned and sequenced. The genes were organized in an operon with the gene order atpEBFHAGDC; i.e., the order of atpE and atpB is reversed with respect to the more typical bacterial organization. The deduced amino acid sequences of the corresponding H+-ATPase subunits showed significant homology with the subunits from other organisms. Results of Northern blot analysis showed a transcript at approximately 7 kb, which corresponds to the size of the atp operon. The transcription initiation site was mapped by primer extension and coincided with a standard promoter sequence. In order to analyze the importance of the H+-ATPase for L. lactis physiology, a mutant strain was constructed in which the original atp promoter on the chromosome was replaced with an inducible nisin promoter. When grown on GM17 plates the resulting strain was completely dependent on the presence of nisin for growth. These data demonstrate that the H+-ATPase is essential for growth of L. lactis under these conditions.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 301, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Phone: 45 45252510. Fax: 45 45932809. E-mail: imprj{at}pop.dtu.dk.

dagger Present address: Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, NL-9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands.

Journal of Bacteriology, September 2000, p. 4738-4743, Vol. 182, No. 17
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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