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Journal of Bacteriology, September 2000, p. 5256-5261, Vol. 182, No. 18
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
The Escherichia coli O111 and Salmonella
enterica O35 Gene Clusters: Gene Clusters Encoding the Same
Colitose-Containing O Antigen Are Highly Conserved
Lei
Wang and
Peter R.
Reeves*
Department of Microbiology, The University of
Sydney, Sydney, N.S.W. 2006, Australia
Received 8 March 2000/Accepted 21 June 2000
O antigen is part of the lipopolysaccharide present in the outer
membrane of gram-negative bacteria. Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica each have many forms of O antigen, but
only three are common to the two species. It has been found that, in general, O-antigen genes are of low GC content. This deviation in GC
content from that of typical S. enterica or E. coli genes (51%) is thought to indicate that the O-antigen DNA
originated in species other than S. enterica or E. coli and was captured by lateral transfer. The O-antigen
structure of Salmonella enterica O35 is identical to that
of E. coli O111, commonly found in enteropathogenic E. coli strains. This O antigen, which has been shown to be
a virulence factor in E. coli, contains colitose, a
3,6-dideoxyhexose found only rarely in the
Enterobacteriaceae. Sequencing of the O35-antigen gene
cluster of S. enterica serovar Adelaide revealed the
same gene order and flanking genes as in E. coli O111. The divergence between corresponding genes of these two gene clusters at
the nucleotide level ranges from 21.8 to 11.7%, within the normal
range of divergence between S. enterica and E. coli. We conclude that the ancestor of E. coli and
S. enterica had an O antigen identical to the O111 and O35
antigens, respectively, of these species and that the gene cluster
encoding it has survived in both species.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Microbiology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, N.S.W. 2006, Australia. Phone: (612) 351 2536. Fax: (612) 351 4571. E-mail:
reeves{at}angis.org.au.
Journal of Bacteriology, September 2000, p. 5256-5261, Vol. 182, No. 18
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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