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Journal of Bacteriology, February 2000, p. 1089-1095, Vol. 182, No. 4
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Antigen 43 and Type 1 Fimbriae Determine Colony Morphology of Escherichia coli K-12

Henrik Hasman, Mark A. Schembri, and Per Klemm*

Department of Microbiology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark

Received 27 September 1999/Accepted 12 November 1999

Colony morphology has been used as an important identification and characterization criterion in bacteriology for many decades. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the appearance of different colony types have been given little attention. The synthesis of O antigen is defunct in Escherichia coli K-12, and colonies should accordingly only appear to be rough. However, previous reports have noted the presence of different interchangeable colony morphology types. In this study we have addressed the influence of two phase-variable surface structures, antigen 43 and type 1 fimbriae, on colony morphology. Due to differential expression of these structures, four different colony phenotypes could be distinguished. By creating and studying defined mutants of the respective loci, i.e., flu and fim, we conclude that the presence or absence of the corresponding gene products on the cells correlates with the observed colony morphology forms. Interestingly, the habitat specificity of bacteria under static liquid conditions seems to correlate with the colony phenotypes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Bldg. 301, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Phone: 45 45 25 25 06. Fax: 45 45 93 28 09. E-mail: impk{at}pop.dtu.dk.

Journal of Bacteriology, February 2000, p. 1089-1095, Vol. 182, No. 4
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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