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Journal of Bacteriology, March 2000, p. 1286-1295, Vol. 182, No. 5
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

WhiD and WhiB, Homologous Proteins Required for Different Stages of Sporulation in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)

Virginie Molle,1,* Wendy J. Palframan,1 Kim C. Findlay,2 and Mark J. Buttner1

Departments of Molecular Microbiology1 and Cell Biology,2 John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom

Received 4 October 1999/Accepted 5 December 1999

The whiD locus, which is required for the differentiation of Streptomyces coelicolor aerial hyphae into mature spore chains, was localized by map-based cloning to the overlap between cosmids 6G4 and D63 of the minimal ordered library of Redenbach et al. (M. Redenbach et al., Mol. Microbiol. 21:77-96, 1996). Subcloning and sequencing showed that whiD encodes a homologue of WhiB, a protein required for the initiation of sporulation septation in S. coelicolor. WhiD and WhiB belong to a growing family of small (76- to 112-residue) proteins of unknown biochemical function in which four cysteines are absolutely conserved; all known members of this family are found in the actinomycetes. A constructed whiD null mutant showed reduced levels of sporulation, and those spores that did form were heat sensitive, lysed extensively, and were highly irregular in size, arising at least in part from irregularity in septum placement. The whiD null mutant showed extreme variation in spore cell wall deposition; most spores had uniformly thin (20- to 30-nm) walls, but spore chains were frequently observed in which there was irregular but very pronounced (up to 170 nm) cell wall thickening at the junctions between spores. whiD null mutant spores were frequently partitioned into irregular smaller units through the deposition of additional septa, which were often laid down in several different planes, very close to the spore poles. These "minicompartments" appeared to be devoid of chromosomal DNA. Two whiD promoters, whiDp1 and whiDp2, were identified, and their activities were analyzed during development of wild-type S. coelicolor on solid medium. Both promoters were developmentally regulated; whiDp1 and whiDp2 transcripts were detected transiently, approximately at the time when sporulation septa were observed in the aerial hyphae.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom. Phone: (44) 1603-452571. Fax: (44) 1603-456844. E-mail: virginie.molle{at}bbsrc.ac.uk.

Journal of Bacteriology, March 2000, p. 1286-1295, Vol. 182, No. 5
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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