This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Ozin, A. J.
Right arrow Articles by Moran, C. P.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Ozin, A. J.
Right arrow Articles by Moran, C. P., Jr.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Bacteriology, April 2000, p. 1828-1833, Vol. 182, No. 7
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Morphogenetic Proteins SpoVID and SafA Form a Complex during Assembly of the Bacillus subtilis Spore Coat

Amanda J. Ozin,1 Adriano O. Henriques,2 Hong Yi,3 and Charles P. Moran Jr.1,*

Department of Microbiology and Immunology1 and Neurology Microscopy Core Facility,3 Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, 30322, and Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, New University of Lisbon, 2781-901 Oeiras Codex, Portugal2

Received 28 October 1999/Accepted 17 January 2000

During endospore formation in Bacillus subtilis, over two dozen polypeptides are assembled into a multilayered structure known as the spore coat, which protects the cortex peptidoglycan (PG) and permits efficient germination. In the initial stages of coat assembly a protein known as CotE forms a ring around the forespore. A second morphogenetic protein, SpoVID, is required for maintenance of the CotE ring during the later stages, when most of proteins are assembled into the coat. Here, we report on a protein that appears to associate with SpoVID during the early stage of coat assembly. This protein, which we call SafA for SpoVID-associated factor A, is encoded by a locus previously known as yrbA. We confirmed the results of a previous study that showed safA mutant spores have defective coats which are missing several proteins. We have extended these studies with the finding that SafA and SpoVID were coimmunoprecipitated by anti-SafA or anti-SpoVID antiserum from whole-cell extracts 3 and 4 h after the onset of sporulation. Therefore, SafA may associate with SpoVID during the early stage of coat assembly. We used immunogold electron microscopy to localize SafA and found it in the cortex, near the interface with the coat in mature spores. SafA appears to have a modular design. The C-terminal region of SafA is similar to those of several inner spore coat proteins. The N-terminal region contains a sequence that is conserved among proteins that associate with the cell wall. This motif in the N-terminal region may target SafA to the PG-containing regions of the developing spore.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30332. Phone: (404) 727-5969. Fax: (404) 727-3659. E-mail: moran{at}microbio.emory.edu.


Journal of Bacteriology, April 2000, p. 1828-1833, Vol. 182, No. 7
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Takamatsu, H., Imamura, D., Kuwana, R., Watabe, K. (2009). Expression of yeeK during Bacillus subtilis Sporulation and Localization of YeeK to the Inner Spore Coat using Fluorescence Microscopy. J. Bacteriol. 191: 1220-1229 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Carroll, A. M., Plomp, M., Malkin, A. J., Setlow, P. (2008). Protozoal Digestion of Coat-Defective Bacillus subtilis Spores Produces "Rinds" Composed of Insoluble Coat Protein. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 5875-5881 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Laaberki, M.-H., Dworkin, J. (2008). Role of Spore Coat Proteins in the Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spores to Caenorhabditis elegans Predation. J. Bacteriol. 190: 6197-6203 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Masayama, A., Kuwana, R., Takamatsu, H., Hemmi, H., Yoshimura, T., Watabe, K., Moriyama, R. (2007). A Novel Lipolytic Enzyme, YcsK (LipC), Located in the Spore Coat of Bacillus subtilis, Is Involved in Spore Germination. J. Bacteriol. 189: 2369-2375 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Giorno, R., Bozue, J., Cote, C., Wenzel, T., Moody, K.-S., Mallozzi, M., Ryan, M., Wang, R., Zielke, R., Maddock, J. R., Friedlander, A., Welkos, S., Driks, A. (2007). Morphogenesis of the Bacillus anthracis Spore. J. Bacteriol. 189: 691-705 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Costa, T., Isidro, A. L., Moran, C. P. Jr., Henriques, A. O. (2006). Interaction between Coat Morphogenetic Proteins SafA and SpoVID. J. Bacteriol. 188: 7731-7741 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • McPherson, D. C., Kim, H., Hahn, M., Wang, R., Grabowski, P., Eichenberger, P., Driks, A. (2005). Characterization of the Bacillus subtilis Spore Morphogenetic Coat Protein CotO. J. Bacteriol. 187: 8278-8290 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zilhao, R., Isticato, R., Martins, L. O., Steil, L., Volker, U., Ricca, E., Moran, C. P. Jr, Henriques, A. O. (2005). Assembly and Function of a Spore Coat-Associated Transglutaminase of Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 187: 7753-7764 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Real, G., Pinto, S. M., Schyns, G., Costa, T., Henriques, A. O., Moran, C. P. Jr. (2005). A Gene Encoding a Holin-Like Protein Involved in Spore Morphogenesis and Spore Germination in Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 187: 6443-6453 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bailey-Smith, K., Todd, S. J., Southworth, T. W., Proctor, J., Moir, A. (2005). The ExsA Protein of Bacillus cereus Is Required for Assembly of Coat and Exosporium onto the Spore Surface. J. Bacteriol. 187: 3800-3806 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Steil, L., Serrano, M., Henriques, A. O., Volker, U. (2005). Genome-wide analysis of temporally regulated and compartment-specific gene expression in sporulating cells of Bacillus subtilis. Microbiology 151: 399-420 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Costa, T., Steil, L., Martins, L. O., Volker, U., Henriques, A. O. (2004). Assembly of an Oxalate Decarboxylase Produced under {sigma}K Control into the Bacillus subtilis Spore Coat. J. Bacteriol. 186: 1462-1474 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zilhao, R., Serrano, M., Isticato, R., Ricca, E., Moran, C. P. Jr., Henriques, A. O. (2004). Interactions among CotB, CotG, and CotH during Assembly of the Bacillus subtilis Spore Coat. J. Bacteriol. 186: 1110-1119 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kuwana, R., Yamamura, S., Ikejiri, H., Kobayashi, K., Ogasawara, N., Asai, K., Sadaie, Y., Takamatsu, H., Watabe, K. (2003). Bacillus subtilis spoVIF (yjcC) gene, involved in coat assembly and spore resistance. Microbiology 149: 3011-3021 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Opdyke, J. A., Scott, J. R., Moran, C. P. Jr. (2003). Expression of the Secondary Sigma Factor {sigma}X in Streptococcus pyogenes Is Restricted at Two Levels. J. Bacteriol. 185: 4291-4297 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Steen, A., Buist, G., Leenhouts, K. J., Khattabi, M. E., Grijpstra, F., Zomer, A. L., Venema, G., Kuipers, O. P., Kok, J. (2003). Cell Wall Attachment of a Widely Distributed Peptidoglycan Binding Domain Is Hindered by Cell Wall Constituents. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 23874-23881 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Enguita, F. J., Martins, L. O., Henriques, A. O., Carrondo, M. A. (2003). Crystal Structure of a Bacterial Endospore Coat Component: A LACCASE WITH ENHANCED THERMOSTABILITY PROPERTIES. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 19416-19425 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Driks, A. (2003). The dynamic spore. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 3007-3009 [Full Text]  
  • Lai, E.-M., Phadke, N. D., Kachman, M. T., Giorno, R., Vazquez, S., Vazquez, J. A., Maddock, J. R., Driks, A. (2003). Proteomic Analysis of the Spore Coats of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus anthracis. J. Bacteriol. 185: 1443-1454 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ozin, A. J., Samford, C. S., Henriques, A. O., Moran, C. P. Jr. (2001). SpoVID Guides SafA to the Spore Coat in Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 183: 3041-3049 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ozin, A. J., Costa, T., Henriques, A. O., Moran, C. P. Jr. (2001). Alternative Translation Initiation Produces a Short Form of a Spore Coat Protein in Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 183: 2032-2040 [Abstract] [Full Text]