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Journal of Bacteriology, May 2000, p. 2643-2648, Vol. 182, No. 9
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
A C-Terminal Disulfide Bridge in Pediocin-Like
Bacteriocins Renders Bacteriocin Activity Less Temperature
Dependent and Is a Major Determinant of the Antimicrobial
Spectrum
Gunnar
Fimland,1,*
Line
Johnsen,1
Lars
Axelsson,2
May B.
Brurberg,3,4
Ingolf F.
Nes,4
Vincent G. H.
Eijsink,4 and
Jon
Nissen-Meyer1
Department of Biochemistry, University of
Oslo, Oslo,1 and MATFORSK, Norwegian
Food Research Institute,2 Norwegian Crop
Research Institute,3 and Department of
Chemistry and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of
Norway,4 Ås, Norway
Received 4 November 1999/Accepted 4 February 2000
Several lactic acid bacteria produce so-called pediocin-like
bacteriocins that share sequence characteristics, but differ in
activity and target cell specificity. The significance of a C-terminal
disulfide bridge present in only a few of these bacteriocins was
studied by site-directed mutagenesis of pediocin PA-1 (which naturally
contains the bridge) and sakacin P (which lacks the bridge).
Introduction of the C-terminal bridge into sakacin P broadened the
target cell specificity of this bacteriocin, as illustrated by the fact
that the mutants were 10 to 20 times more potent than the wild-type
toward certain indicator strains, whereas the potency toward other
indicator strains remained essentially unchanged. Like pediocin PA-1,
disulfide-containing sakacin P mutants had the same potency at 20 and
37°C, whereas wild-type sakacin P was approximately 10 times less
potent at 37°C than at 20°C. Reciprocal effects on target cell
specificity and the temperature dependence of potency were observed
upon studying the effect of removing the C-terminal disulfide bridge
from pediocin PA-1 by Cys
Ser mutations. These results clearly show
that a C-terminal disulfide bridge in pediocin-like bacteriocins
contributes to widening of the antimicrobial spectrum as well as to
higher potency at elevated temperatures. Interestingly, the differences
between sakacin P and pediocin PA-1 in terms of the temperature
dependency of their activities correlated well with the optimal
temperatures for bacteriocin production and growth of the
bacteriocin-producing strain.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Biochemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1041, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway. Phone: 47-22 85 66 32. Fax: 47-22 85 44 43. E-mail:
gunnar.fimland{at}biokjemi.uio.no.
Journal of Bacteriology, May 2000, p. 2643-2648, Vol. 182, No. 9
0021-9193/00/$04.00+0
Copyright © 2000, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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