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Journal of Bacteriology, July 2001, p. 4345-4356, Vol. 183, No. 14
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JB.183.14.4345-4356.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Identification and Distribution of New Insertion Sequences in the Genome of Alkaliphilic Bacillus halodurans C-125

Hideto Takami,1,* Chang-Gyun Han,2 Yoshihiro Takaki,1 and Eiichi Ohtsubo2

Deep-Sea Research Microorganisms Research Group, Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, Yokosuka 237-0061,1 and Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032,2 Japan

Received 16 February 2001/Accepted 26 April 2001

Fifteen kinds of new insertion sequences (ISs), IS641 to IS643, IS650 to IS658, IS660, IS662, and IS663, and a group II intron (Bh.Int) were identified in the 4,202,352-bp genome of alkaliphilic Bacillus halodurans C-125. Out of 120 ISs identified in the C-125 genome, 29 were truncated, indicating the occurrence of internal rearrangements of the genome. The ISs other than IS650, IS653, IS660, and IS663 generated a 2- to 9-bp duplication of the target site sequence, and the ISs other than IS650, IS653, and IS657 carry 14- to 64-bp inverted repeats. Sequence analysis revealed that six kinds of ISs (IS642, IS643, IS654, IS655, IS657, and IS658) belong to a separate IS family (IS630, IS21, IS256, IS3, IS200/IS605, and IS30, respectively) as a new member. Also, IS651 and IS652 were characterized as new members of the ISL3 family. Significant similarity was found between the transposase (Tpase) sequences between IS650 and IS653 (78.2%), IS651 and IS652 (56.3%), IS656 and IS662 (71.0%), and IS660 and IS663 (44.5%), but the others showed no similarity to one another. Tpases in 28 members of IS651 in the C-125 genome were found to have become diversified. Most of the IS elements widely distributed throughout the genome were inserted in noncoding regions, although some genes, such as those coding for an ATP-binding cassette transporter/permease, a response regulator, and L-indole 2-dehydrogenase, have been mutated through the insertion of IS elements. It is evident, however, that not all IS elements have transposed and caused rearrangements of the genome in the past 17 years during which strain C-125 was subcultured under neutral and alkaline conditions.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Deep-Sea Research Microorganisms Research Group, Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, 2-15 Natsushima, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan. Phone: 81-468-67-5595. Fax: 81-468-67-5614. E-mail: takamih{at}jamstec.go.jp.

Journal of Bacteriology, July 2001, p. 4345-4356, Vol. 183, No. 14
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JB.183.14.4345-4356.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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Copyright © 2001 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.