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Journal of Bacteriology, October 2001, p. 6126-6134, Vol. 183, No. 20
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JB.183.20.6126-6134.2001

Growth Phase and Growth Rate Regulation of the rapA Gene, Encoding the RNA Polymerase-Associated Protein RapA in Escherichia coli

Julio E. Cabrera and Ding Jun Jin*

Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892

Received 14 May 2001/Accepted 16 July 2001

The Escherichia coli rapA gene encodes the RNA polymerase (RNAP)-associated protein RapA, which is a bacterial member of the SWI/SNF helicase-like protein family. We have studied the rapA promoter and its regulation in vivo and determined the interaction between RNAP and the promoter in vitro. We have found that the expression of rapA is growth phase dependent, peaking at the early log phase. The growth phase control of rapA is determined at least by one particular feature of the promoter: it uses CTP as the transcription-initiating nucleotide instead of a purine, which is used for most E. coli promoters. We also found that the rapA promoter is subject to growth rate regulation in vivo and that it forms intrinsic unstable initiation complexes with RNAP in vitro. Furthermore, we have shown that a GC-rich or discriminator sequence between the -10 and +1 positions of the rapA promoter is responsible for its growth rate control and the instability of its initiation complexes with RNAP.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 37, Room 2B16, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892. Phone: (301) 402-9281. Fax: (301) 594-3611. E-mail: djjin{at}helix.nih.gov.

Journal of Bacteriology, October 2001, p. 6126-6134, Vol. 183, No. 20
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JB.183.20.6126-6134.2001


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