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Journal of Bacteriology, March 2001, p. 2025-2031, Vol. 183, No. 6
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JB.183.6.2025-2031.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Identification of the varR Gene as a Transcriptional Regulator of Virginiamycin S Resistance in Streptomyces virginiae

Wises Namwat,1 Chang-Kwon Lee,1 Hiroshi Kinoshita,1 Yasuhiro Yamada,2 and Takuya Nihira1,*

Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,1 and Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Engineering, Fukuyama University, 1 Gakuenmachi, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292,2 Japan

Received 25 August 2000/Accepted 20 December 2000

A gene designated varR (for virginiae antibiotic resistance regulator) was identified in Streptomyces virginiae 89 bp downstream of a varS gene encoding a virginiamycin S (VS)-specific transporter. The deduced varR product showed high homology to repressors of the TetR family with a conserved helix-turn-helix DNA binding motif. Purified recombinant VarR protein was present as a dimer in vitro and showed clear DNA binding activity toward the varS promoter region. This binding was abolished by the presence of VS, suggesting that VarR regulates transcription of varS in a VS-dependent manner. Northern blot analysis revealed that varR was cotranscribed with upstream varS as a 2.4-kb transcript and that VS acted as an inducer of bicistronic transcription. Deletion analysis of the varS promoter region clarified two adjacent VarR binding sites in the varS promoter.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Phone: 81-6-6879-7433. Fax: 81-6-6879-7432. E-mail: nihira{at}biochem.bio.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp.

Journal of Bacteriology, March 2001, p. 2025-2031, Vol. 183, No. 6
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JB.183.6.2025-2031.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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