This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Cucarella, C.
Right arrow Articles by Penadés, J. R.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Cucarella, C.
Right arrow Articles by Penadés, J. R.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Bacteriology, May 2001, p. 2888-2896, Vol. 183, No. 9
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JB.183.9.2888-2896.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Bap, a Staphylococcus aureus Surface Protein Involved in Biofilm Formation

Carme Cucarella,1 Cristina Solano,2 Jaione Valle,2 Beatriz Amorena,2 Íñigo Lasa,2 and José R. Penadés1,*

Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, 46113 Moncada, Valencia,1 and Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Recursos Naturales and Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Pública de Navarra-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona,2 Spain

Received 20 October 2000/Accepted 7 February 2001

Identification of new genes involved in biofilm formation is needed to understand the molecular basis of strain variation and the pathogenic mechanisms implicated in chronic staphylococcal infections. A biofilm-producing Staphylococcus aureus isolate was used to generate biofilm-negative transposon (Tn917) insertion mutants. Two mutants were found with a significant decrease in attachment to inert surfaces (early adherence), intercellular adhesion, and biofilm formation. The transposon was inserted at the same locus in both mutants. This locus (bap [for biofilm associated protein]) encodes a novel cell wall associated protein of 2,276 amino acids (Bap), which shows global organizational similarities to surface proteins of gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi) and gram-positive (Enteroccocus faecalis) microorganisms. Bap's core region represents 52% of the protein and consists of 13 successive nearly identical repeats, each containing 86 amino acids. bap was present in a small fraction of bovine mastitis isolates (5% of the 350 S. aureus isolates tested), but it was absent from the 75 clinical human S. aureus isolates analyzed. All staphylococcal isolates harboring bap were highly adherent and strong biofilm producers. In a mouse infection model bap was involved in pathogenesis, causing a persistent infection.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Veterinary School, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, Edificio seminario, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain. Phone: 34-96-1369000. Fax: 34-96-1395272. E-mail: jpenades{at}uch.ceu.es.

Journal of Bacteriology, May 2001, p. 2888-2896, Vol. 183, No. 9
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/JB.183.9.2888-2896.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Macintosh, R. L., Brittan, J. L., Bhattacharya, R., Jenkinson, H. F., Derrick, J., Upton, M., Handley, P. S. (2009). The Terminal A Domain of the Fibrillar Accumulation-Associated Protein (Aap) of Staphylococcus epidermidis Mediates Adhesion to Human Corneocytes. J. Bacteriol. 191: 7007-7016 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ong, C.-L. Y., Beatson, S. A., McEwan, A. G., Schembri, M. A. (2009). Conjugative Plasmid Transfer and Adhesion Dynamics in an Escherichia coli Biofilm. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75: 6783-6791 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Shahrooei, M., Hira, V., Stijlemans, B., Merckx, R., Hermans, P. W. M., Van Eldere, J. (2009). Inhibition of Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilm Formation by Rabbit Polyclonal Antibodies against the SesC Protein. Infect. Immun. 77: 3670-3678 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Vergara-Irigaray, M., Valle, J., Merino, N., Latasa, C., Garcia, B., Ruiz de los Mozos, I., Solano, C., Toledo-Arana, A., Penades, J. R., Lasa, I. (2009). Relevant Role of Fibronectin-Binding Proteins in Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm-Associated Foreign-Body Infections. Infect. Immun. 77: 3978-3991 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Stevens, N. T., Greene, C. M., O'Gara, J. P., Humphreys, H. (2009). Biofilm characteristics of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates associated with device-related meningitis. J Med Microbiol 58: 855-862 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Karatan, E., Watnick, P. (2009). Signals, Regulatory Networks, and Materials That Build and Break Bacterial Biofilms. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 73: 310-347 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fredheim, E. G. A., Klingenberg, C., Rohde, H., Frankenberger, S., Gaustad, P., Flaegstad, T., Sollid, J. E. (2009). Biofilm Formation by Staphylococcus haemolyticus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 47: 1172-1180 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lauderdale, K. J., Boles, B. R., Cheung, A. L., Horswill, A. R. (2009). Interconnections between Sigma B, agr, and Proteolytic Activity in Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Maturation. Infect. Immun. 77: 1623-1635 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Merino, N., Toledo-Arana, A., Vergara-Irigaray, M., Valle, J., Solano, C., Calvo, E., Lopez, J. A., Foster, T. J., Penades, J. R., Lasa, I. (2009). Protein A-Mediated Multicellular Behavior in Staphylococcus aureus. J. Bacteriol. 191: 832-843 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Trotonda, M. P., Tamber, S., Memmi, G., Cheung, A. L. (2008). MgrA Represses Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus. Infect. Immun. 76: 5645-5654 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jordan, S. J., Perni, S., Glenn, S., Fernandes, I., Barbosa, M., Sol, M., Tenreiro, R. P., Chambel, L., Barata, B., Zilhao, I., Aldsworth, T. G., Adriao, A., Faleiro, M. L., Shama, G., Andrew, P. W. (2008). Listeria monocytogenes Biofilm-Associated Protein (BapL) May Contribute to Surface Attachment of L. monocytogenes but Is Absent from Many Field Isolates. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 5451-5456 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Smith, K., Perez, A., Ramage, G., Lappin, D., Gemmell, C. G., Lang, S. (2008). Biofilm formation by Scottish clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. J Med Microbiol 57: 1018-1023 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zhang, L., Mah, T.-F. (2008). Involvement of a Novel Efflux System in Biofilm-Specific Resistance to Antibiotics. J. Bacteriol. 190: 4447-4452 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • O'Neill, E., Pozzi, C., Houston, P., Humphreys, H., Robinson, D. A., Loughman, A., Foster, T. J., O'Gara, J. P. (2008). A Novel Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Phenotype Mediated by the Fibronectin-Binding Proteins, FnBPA and FnBPB. J. Bacteriol. 190: 3835-3850 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Vergara-Irigaray, M., Maira-Litran, T., Merino, N., Pier, G. B., Penades, J. R., Lasa, I. (2008). Wall teichoic acids are dispensable for anchoring the PNAG exopolysaccharide to the Staphylococcus aureus cell surface. Microbiology 154: 865-877 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Loehfelm, T. W., Luke, N. R., Campagnari, A. A. (2008). Identification and Characterization of an Acinetobacter baumannii Biofilm-Associated Protein. J. Bacteriol. 190: 1036-1044 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Izano, E. A., Amarante, M. A., Kher, W. B., Kaplan, J. B. (2008). Differential Roles of Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine Surface Polysaccharide and Extracellular DNA in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 470-476 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Schlag, S., Nerz, C., Birkenstock, T. A., Altenberend, F., Gotz, F. (2007). Inhibition of Staphylococcal Biofilm Formation by Nitrite. J. Bacteriol. 189: 7911-7919 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Frank, K. L., Patel, R. (2007). Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine Is Not a Major Component of the Extracellular Matrix in Biofilms Formed by icaADBC-Positive Staphylococcus lugdunensis Isolates. Infect. Immun. 75: 4728-4742 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Huang, Y.-L., Dobretsov, S., Xiong, H., Qian, P.-Y. (2007). Effect of Biofilm Formation by Pseudoalteromonas spongiae on Induction of Larval Settlement of the Polychaete Hydroides elegans. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 6284-6288 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ventura, M., Canchaya, C., Tauch, A., Chandra, G., Fitzgerald, G. F., Chater, K. F., van Sinderen, D. (2007). Genomics of Actinobacteria: Tracing the Evolutionary History of an Ancient Phylum. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 71: 495-548 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Maiques, E., Ubeda, C., Tormo, M. A., Ferrer, M. D., Lasa, I., Novick, R. P., Penades, J. R. (2007). Role of Staphylococcal Phage and SaPI Integrase in Intra- and Interspecies SaPI Transfer. J. Bacteriol. 189: 5608-5616 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tormo, M. A., Ubeda, C., Marti, M., Maiques, E., Cucarella, C., Valle, J., Foster, T. J., Lasa, I., Penades, J. R. (2007). Phase-variable expression of the biofilm-associated protein (Bap) in Staphylococcus aureus. Microbiology 153: 1702-1710 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Valle, J., Vergara-Irigaray, M., Merino, N., Penades, J. R., Lasa, I. (2007). {sigma}B Regulates IS256-Mediated Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Phenotypic Variation. J. Bacteriol. 189: 2886-2896 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tu Quoc, P. H., Genevaux, P., Pajunen, M., Savilahti, H., Georgopoulos, C., Schrenzel, J., Kelley, W. L. (2007). Isolation and Characterization of Biofilm Formation-Defective Mutants of Staphylococcus aureus. Infect. Immun. 75: 1079-1088 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Qin, Z., Yang, X., Yang, L., Jiang, J., Ou, Y., Molin, S., Qu, D. (2007). Formation and properties of in vitro biofilms of ica-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolates. J Med Microbiol 56: 83-93 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Howden, B. P., Johnson, P. D. R., Ward, P. B., Stinear, T. P., Davies, J. K. (2006). Isolates with Low-Level Vancomycin Resistance Associated with Persistent Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia.. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 50: 3039-3047 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sebaihia, M., Preston, A., Maskell, D. J., Kuzmiak, H., Connell, T. D., King, N. D., Orndorff, P. E., Miyamoto, D. M., Thomson, N. R., Harris, D., Goble, A., Lord, A., Murphy, L., Quail, M. A., Rutter, S., Squares, R., Squares, S., Woodward, J., Parkhill, J., Temple, L. M. (2006). Comparison of the Genome Sequence of the Poultry Pathogen Bordetella avium with Those of B. bronchiseptica, B. pertussis, and B. parapertussis Reveals Extensive Diversity in Surface Structures Associated with Host Interaction.. J. Bacteriol. 188: 6002-6015 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Pamp, S. J., Frees, D., Engelmann, S., Hecker, M., Ingmer, H. (2006). Spx Is a Global Effector Impacting Stress Tolerance and Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus. J. Bacteriol. 188: 4861-4870 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Moreira, C. G., Palmer, K., Whiteley, M., Sircili, M. P., Trabulsi, L. R., Castro, A. F. P., Sperandio, V. (2006). Bundle-Forming Pili and EspA Are Involved in Biofilm Formation by Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 188: 3952-3961 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lembke, C., Podbielski, A., Hidalgo-Grass, C., Jonas, L., Hanski, E., Kreikemeyer, B. (2006). Characterization of Biofilm Formation by Clinically Relevant Serotypes of Group A Streptococci. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 2864-2875 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kozitskaya, S., Olson, M. E., Fey, P. D., Witte, W., Ohlsen, K., Ziebuhr, W. (2005). Clonal Analysis of Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolates Carrying or Lacking Biofilm-Mediating Genes by Multilocus Sequence Typing. J. Clin. Microbiol. 43: 4751-4757 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tendolkar, P. M., Baghdayan, A. S., Shankar, N. (2005). The N-Terminal Domain of Enterococcal Surface Protein, Esp, Is Sufficient for Esp-Mediated Biofilm Enhancement in Enterococcus faecalis. J. Bacteriol. 187: 6213-6222 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rabello, R. F., Souza, C. R. V. M., Duarte, R. S., Lopes, R. M. M., Teixeira, L. M., Castro, A. C. D. (2005). Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Recovered from Bovine Mastitis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. J DAIRY SCI 88: 3211-3219 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Trotonda, M. P., Manna, A. C., Cheung, A. L., Lasa, I., Penades, J. R. (2005). SarA Positively Controls Bap-Dependent Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus. J. Bacteriol. 187: 5790-5798 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Brouillette, E., Hyodo, M., Hayakawa, Y., Karaolis, D. K. R., Malouin, F. (2005). 3',5'-Cyclic Diguanylic Acid Reduces the Virulence of Biofilm-Forming Staphylococcus aureus Strains in a Mouse Model of Mastitis Infection. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49: 3109-3113 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Toledo-Arana, A., Merino, N., Vergara-Irigaray, M., Debarbouille, M., Penades, J. R., Lasa, I. (2005). Staphylococcus aureus Develops an Alternative, ica-Independent Biofilm in the Absence of the arlRS Two-Component System. J. Bacteriol. 187: 5318-5329 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tormo, M. A., Knecht, E., Gotz, F., Lasa, I., Penades, J. R. (2005). Bap-dependent biofilm formation by pathogenic species of Staphylococcus: evidence of horizontal gene transfer?. Microbiology 151: 2465-2475 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Bowden, M. G., Chen, W., Singvall, J., Xu, Y., Peacock, S. J., Valtulina, V., Speziale, P., Hook, M. (2005). Identification and preliminary characterization of cell-wall-anchored proteins of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Microbiology 151: 1453-1464 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Tormo, M. A., Marti, M., Valle, J., Manna, A. C., Cheung, A. L., Lasa, I., Penades, J. R. (2005). SarA Is an Essential Positive Regulator of Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilm Development. J. Bacteriol. 187: 2348-2356 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Gill, S. R., Fouts, D. E., Archer, G. L., Mongodin, E. F., DeBoy, R. T., Ravel, J., Paulsen, I. T., Kolonay, J. F., Brinkac, L., Beanan, M., Dodson, R. J., Daugherty, S. C., Madupu, R., Angiuoli, S. V., Durkin, A. S., Haft, D. H., Vamathevan, J., Khouri, H., Utterback, T., Lee, C., Dimitrov, G., Jiang, L., Qin, H., Weidman, J., Tran, K., Kang, K., Hance, I. R., Nelson, K. E., Fraser, C. M. (2005). Insights on Evolution of Virulence and Resistance from the Complete Genome Analysis of an Early Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strain and a Biofilm-Producing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis Strain. J. Bacteriol. 187: 2426-2438 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Karaolis, D. K. R., Rashid, M. H., Chythanya, R., Luo, W., Hyodo, M., Hayakawa, Y. (2005). c-di-GMP (3'-5'-Cyclic Diguanylic Acid) Inhibits Staphylococcus aureus Cell-Cell Interactions and Biofilm Formation. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49: 1029-1038 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Walter, J., Chagnaud, P., Tannock, G. W., Loach, D. M., Dal Bello, F., Jenkinson, H. F., Hammes, W. P., Hertel, C. (2005). A High-Molecular-Mass Surface Protein (Lsp) and Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase B (MsrB) Contribute to the Ecological Performance of Lactobacillus reuteri in the Murine Gut. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71: 979-986 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Roux, A., Beloin, C., Ghigo, J.-M. (2005). Combined Inactivation and Expression Strategy To Study Gene Function under Physiological Conditions: Application to Identification of New Escherichia coli Adhesins. J. Bacteriol. 187: 1001-1013 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lindahl, G., Stalhammar-Carlemalm, M., Areschoug, T. (2005). Surface Proteins of Streptococcus agalactiae and Related Proteins in Other Bacterial Pathogens. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 18: 102-127 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rohde, H., Kalitzky, M., Kroger, N., Scherpe, S., Horstkotte, M. A., Knobloch, J. K.-M., Zander, A. R., Mack, D. (2004). Detection of Virulence-Associated Genes Not Useful for Discriminating between Invasive and Commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis Strains from a Bone Marrow Transplant Unit. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42: 5614-5619 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Arrizubieta, M. J., Toledo-Arana, A., Amorena, B., Penades, J. R., Lasa, I. (2004). Calcium Inhibits Bap-Dependent Multicellular Behavior in Staphylococcus aureus. J. Bacteriol. 186: 7490-7498 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Sillanpaa, J., Xu, Y., Nallapareddy, S. R., Murray, B. E., Hook, M. (2004). A family of putative MSCRAMMs from Enterococcus faecalis. Microbiology 150: 2069-2078 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Wang, X., Preston, J. F. III, Romeo, T. (2004). The pgaABCD Locus of Escherichia coli Promotes the Synthesis of a Polysaccharide Adhesin Required for Biofilm Formation. J. Bacteriol. 186: 2724-2734 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Cucarella, C., Tormo, M. A., Ubeda, C., Trotonda, M. P., Monzon, M., Peris, C., Amorena, B., Lasa, I., Penades, J. R. (2004). Role of Biofilm-Associated Protein Bap in the Pathogenesis of Bovine Staphylococcus aureus. Infect. Immun. 72: 2177-2185 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Leavis, H., Top, J., Shankar, N., Borgen, K., Bonten, M., van Embden, J., Willems, R. J. L. (2004). A Novel Putative Enterococcal Pathogenicity Island Linked to the esp Virulence Gene of Enterococcus faecium and Associated with Epidemicity. J. Bacteriol. 186: 672-682 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lim, Y., Jana, M., Luong, T. T., Lee, C. Y. (2004). Control of Glucose- and NaCl-Induced Biofilm Formation by rbf in Staphylococcus aureus. J. Bacteriol. 186: 722-729 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kristich, C. J., Li, Y.-H., Cvitkovitch, D. G., Dunny, G. M. (2004). Esp-Independent Biofilm Formation by Enterococcus faecalis. J. Bacteriol. 186: 154-163 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Creti, R., Imperi, M., Bertuccini, L., Fabretti, F., Orefici, G., Di Rosa, R., Baldassarri, L. (2004). Survey for virulence determinants among Enterococcus faecalis isolated from different sources. J Med Microbiol 53: 13-20 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Wu, J. A., Kusuma, C., Mond, J. J., Kokai-Kun, J. F. (2003). Lysostaphin Disrupts Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms on Artificial Surfaces. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47: 3407-3414 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Turner, M. S., Hafner, L. M., Walsh, T., Giffard, P. M. (2003). Peptide Surface Display and Secretion Using Two LPXTG-Containing Surface Proteins from Lactobacillus fermentum BR11. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69: 5855-5863 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Caiazza, N. C., O'Toole, G. A. (2003). Alpha-Toxin Is Required for Biofilm Formation by Staphylococcus aureus. J. Bacteriol. 185: 3214-3217 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Shimoji, Y., Ogawa, Y., Osaki, M., Kabeya, H., Maruyama, S., Mikami, T., Sekizaki, T. (2003). Adhesive Surface Proteins of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Bind to Polystyrene, Fibronectin, and Type I and IV Collagens. J. Bacteriol. 185: 2739-2748 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Loo, C. Y., Mitrakul, K., Voss, I. B., Hughes, C. V., Ganeshkumar, N. (2003). Involvement of the adc Operon and Manganese Homeostasis in Streptococcus gordonii Biofilm Formation. J. Bacteriol. 185: 2887-2900 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Read, T. D., Myers, G. S. A., Brunham, R. C., Nelson, W. C., Paulsen, I. T., Heidelberg, J., Holtzapple, E., Khouri, H., Federova, N. B., Carty, H. A., Umayam, L. A., Haft, D. H., Peterson, J., Beanan, M. J., White, O., Salzberg, S. L., Hsia, R. -c., McClarty, G., Rank, R. G., Bavoil, P. M., Fraser, C. M. (2003). Genome sequence of Chlamydophila caviae (Chlamydia psittaci GPIC): examining the role of niche-specific genes in the evolution of the Chlamydiaceae. Nucleic Acids Res 31: 2134-2147 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Roche, F. M., Massey, R., Peacock, S. J., Day, N. P. J., Visai, L., Speziale, P., Lam, A., Pallen, M., Foster, T. J. (2003). Characterization of novel LPXTG-containing proteins of Staphylococcus aureus identified from genome sequences. Microbiology 149: 643-654 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Herron, L. L., Chakravarty, R., Dwan, C., Fitzgerald, J. R., Musser, J. M., Retzel, E., Kapur, V. (2002). Genome Sequence Survey Identifies Unique Sequences and Key Virulence Genes with Unusual Rates of Amino Acid Substitution in Bovine Staphylococcus aureus. Infect. Immun. 70: 3978-3981 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Cucarella, C., Tormo, M. A., Knecht, E., Amorena, B., Lasa, I., Foster, T. J., Penades, J. R. (2002). Expression of the Biofilm-Associated Protein Interferes with Host Protein Receptors of Staphylococcus aureus and Alters the Infective Process. Infect. Immun. 70: 3180-3186 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Toledo-Arana, A., Valle, J., Solano, C., Arrizubieta, M. J., Cucarella, C., Lamata, M., Amorena, B., Leiva, J., Penades, J. R., Lasa, I. (2001). The Enterococcal Surface Protein, Esp, Is Involved in Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm Formation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67: 4538-4545 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»