Previous Article | Next Article 
Journal of Bacteriology, January 2002, p. 509-518, Vol. 184, No. 2
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JB.184.2.509-518.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Novel 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Degradation Genes from Oligotrophic Bradyrhizobium sp. Strain HW13 Isolated from a Pristine Environment
Wataru Kitagawa,1 Sachiko Takami,1 Keisuke Miyauchi,1 Eiji Masai,1 Yoichi Kamagata,2 James M. Tiedje,3 and Masao Fukuda1*
Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188,1
Research Institute of Biological Resources, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8566, Japan,2
Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 488243
Received 30 July 2001/
Accepted 9 October 2001
The tfd genes of Ralstonia eutropha JMP134 are the only well-characterized set of genes responsible for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) degradation among 2,4-D-degrading bacteria. A new family of 2,4-D degradation genes, cadRABKC, was cloned and characterized from Bradyrhizobium sp. strain HW13, a strain that was isolated from a buried Hawaiian soil that has never experienced anthropogenic chemicals. The cadR gene was inferred to encode an AraC/XylS type of transcriptional regulator from its deduced amino acid sequence. The cadABC genes were predicted to encode 2,4-D oxygenase subunits from their deduced amino acid sequences that showed 46, 44, and 37% identities with the TftA and TftB subunits of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) oxygenase of Burkholderia cepacia AC1100 and with a putative ferredoxin, ThcC, of Rhodococcus erythropolis NI86/21, respectively. They are thoroughly different from the 2,4-D dioxygenase gene, tfdA, of R. eutropha JMP134. The cadK gene was presumed to encode a 2,4-D transport protein from its deduced amino acid sequence that showed 60% identity with the 2,4-D transporter, TfdK, of strain JMP134. Sinorhizobium meliloti Rm1021 cells containing cadRABKC transformed several phenoxyacetic acids, including 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T, to corresponding phenol derivatives. Frameshift mutations indicated that each of the cadRABC genes was essential for 2,4-D conversion in strain Rm1021 but that cadK was not. Five 2,4-D degraders, including Bradyrhizobium and Sphingomonas strains, were found to have cadA gene homologs, suggesting that these 2,4-D degraders share 2,4-D degradation genes similar to those of strain HW13 cadABC.
* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan. Phone: 81-258-47-9405. Fax: 81-258-47-9450. E-mail: masao{at}vos.nagaokaut.ac.jp.
Journal of Bacteriology, January 2002, p. 509-518, Vol. 184, No. 2
0021-9193/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JB.184.2.509-518.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
This article has been cited by other articles:
-
Sakashita, T., Hashimoto, Y., Oinuma, K.-I., Kobayashi, M.
(2008). Transcriptional Regulation of the Nitrile Hydratase Gene Cluster in Pseudomonas chlororaphis B23. J. Bacteriol.
190: 4210-4217
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Muller, T. A., Fleischmann, T., van der Meer, J. R., Kohler, H.-P. E.
(2006). Purification and Characterization of Two Enantioselective {alpha}-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenases, RdpA and SdpA, from Sphingomonas herbicidovorans MH.. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
72: 4853-4861
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Baelum, J., Henriksen, T., Hansen, H. C. B., Jacobsen, C. S.
(2006). Degradation of 4-Chloro-2-Methylphenoxyacetic Acid in Top- and Subsoil Is Quantitatively Linked to the Class III tfdA Gene. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
72: 1476-1486
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Muller, T. A., Byrde, S. M., Werlen, C., van der Meer, J. R., Kohler, H.-P. E.
(2004). Genetic Analysis of Phenoxyalkanoic Acid Degradation in Sphingomonas herbicidovorans MH. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
70: 6066-6075
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Schleinitz, K. M., Kleinsteuber, S., Vallaeys, T., Babel, W.
(2004). Localization and Characterization of Two Novel Genes Encoding Stereospecific Dioxygenases Catalyzing 2(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)propionate Cleavage in Delftia acidovorans MC1. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
70: 5357-5365
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Tropel, D., van der Meer, J. R.
(2004). Bacterial Transcriptional Regulators for Degradation Pathways of Aromatic Compounds. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev.
68: 474-500
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Shaw, L. J., Burns, R. G.
(2004). Enhanced Mineralization of [U-14C]2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Soil from the Rhizosphere of Trifolium pratense. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
70: 4766-4774
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Kitagawa, W., Kimura, N., Kamagata, Y.
(2004). A Novel p-Nitrophenol Degradation Gene Cluster from a Gram-Positive Bacterium, Rhodococcus opacus SAO101. J. Bacteriol.
186: 4894-4902
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Itoh, K., Tashiro, Y., Uobe, K., Kamagata, Y., Suyama, K., Yamamoto, H.
(2004). Root Nodule Bradyrhizobium spp. Harbor tfdA{alpha} and cadA, Homologous with Genes Encoding 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid-Degrading Proteins. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
70: 2110-2118
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
-
Rich, J. J., Heichen, R. S., Bottomley, P. J., Cromack, K. Jr., Myrold, D. D.
(2003). Community Composition and Functioning of Denitrifying Bacteria from Adjacent Meadow and Forest Soils. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
69: 5974-5982
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
Copyright © 2002 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.