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Journal of Bacteriology, December 2002, p. 6739-6745, Vol. 184, No. 23
0021-9193/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.184.23.6739-6745.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Viable but Nonculturable State and Starvation Are Different Stress Responses of Enterococcus faecalis, as Determined by Proteome Analysis

Sabina Heim,1 Maria Del Mar Lleo,2 Barbara Bonato,2 Carlos A. Guzman,1* and Pietro Canepari2

Division of Microbiology, GBF-German Research Centre for Biotechnology, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany,1 Dipartimento di Patologia, Sezione di Microbiologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy2

Received 15 April 2002/ Accepted 4 September 2002

The protein expression patterns of exponentially growing, starved, and viable but nonculturable (VBNC) Enterococcus faecalis cells were analyzed to establish whether differences exist between the VBNC state and other stress responses. The results indicate that the protein profile of VBNC cells differs from that of either starved or exponentially growing bacteria. This demonstrates that the VBNC state is a distinct physiological phase within the life cycle of E. faecalis, which is activated in response to multiple environmental stresses.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Microbiology, GBF-German Research Centre for Biotechnology, Mascheroder Weg 1, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany. Phone: 49-531-6181558. Fax: 49-531-6181411. E-mail: cag{at}gbf.de.

Journal of Bacteriology, December 2002, p. 6739-6745, Vol. 184, No. 23
0021-9193/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.184.23.6739-6745.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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