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Journal of Bacteriology, December 2002, p. 6957-6965, Vol. 184, No. 24
0021-9193/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.184.24.6957-6965.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Different Spectra of Stationary-Phase Mutations in Early-Arising versus Late-Arising Mutants of Pseudomonas putida: Involvement of the DNA Repair Enzyme MutY and the Stationary-Phase Sigma Factor RpoS

Signe Saumaa, Andres Tover, Lagle Kasak,{dagger} and Maia Kivisaar*

Department of Genetics, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Tartu University and Estonian Biocentre, 51010 Tartu, Estonia

Received 28 May 2002/ Accepted 17 September 2002

Stationary-phase mutations occur in populations of stressed, nongrowing, and slowly growing cells and allow mutant bacteria to overcome growth barriers. Mutational processes in starving cells are different from those occurring in growing bacteria. Here, we present evidence that changes in mutational processes also take place during starvation of bacteria. Our test system for selection of mutants based on creation of functional promoters for the transcriptional activation of the phenol degradation genes pheBA in starving Pseudomonas putida enables us to study base substitutions (C-to-A or G-to-T transversions), deletions, and insertions. We observed changes in the spectrum of promoter-creating mutations during prolonged starvation of Pseudomonas putida on phenol minimal plates. One particular C-to-A transversion was the prevailing mutation in starving cells. However, with increasing time of starvation, the importance of this mutation decreased but the percentage of other types of mutations, such as 2- to 3-bp deletions, increased. The rate of transversions was markedly elevated in the P. putida MutY-defective strain. The occurrence of 2- to 3-bp deletions required the stationary-phase sigma factor RpoS, which indicates that some mutagenic pathway is positively controlled by RpoS in P. putida.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Genetics, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Tartu University and Estonian Biocentre, 23 Riia Street, 51010 Tartu, Estonia. Phone: 372 7 375015. Fax: 372 7 420286. E-mail: maiak{at}ebc.ee.

{dagger} Present address: Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.

Journal of Bacteriology, December 2002, p. 6957-6965, Vol. 184, No. 24
0021-9193/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.184.24.6957-6965.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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