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Transcriptional Expression of Escherichia coli Glutamate-Dependent Acid Resistance Genes gadA and gadBC in an hns rpoS Mutant

Division of Human Immunology, Hanson Institute, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia,¹ University of Tennessee—Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-0845²

Received 10 February 2003/ Accepted 2 May 2003

Resistance to being killed by acidic environments with pH values lower than 3 is an important feature of both pathogenic and nonpathogenic Escherichia coli. The most potent E. coli acid resistance system utilizes two isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase encoded by gadA and gadB and a putative glutamate:-aminobutyric acid antiporter encoded by gadC. The gad system is controlled by two repressors (H-NS and CRP), one activator (GadX), one repressor-activator (GadW), and two sigma factors (^S and ⁷⁰). In contrast to results of previous reports, we demonstrate that gad transcription can be detected in an hns rpoS mutant strain of E. coli K-12, indicating that gad promoters can be initiated by ⁷⁰ in the absence of H-NS.

Dedicated to the loving memory of Geoff Banks.

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