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Journal of Bacteriology, December 2003, p. 7169-7175, Vol. 185, No. 24
0021-9193/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.185.24.7169-7175.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Purification of the Formate-Tetrahydrofolate Ligase from Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 and Demonstration of Its Requirement for Methylotrophic Growth

Christopher J. Marx,1,{dagger} Markus Laukel,2,3 Julia A. Vorholt,2 and Mary E. Lidstrom1,4*

Department of Microbiology,1 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195,4 Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, INRA/CNRS, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France,2 Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie, 35043 Marburg, Germany3

Received 17 June 2003/ Accepted 17 September 2003

The serine cycle methylotroph Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 contains two pterin-dependent pathways for C1 transfers, the tetrahydrofolate (H4F) pathway and the tetrahydromethanopterin (H4MPT) pathway, and both are required for growth on C1 compounds. With the exception of formate-tetrahydrofolate ligase (FtfL, alternatively termed formyl-H4F synthetase), all of the genes encoding the enzymes comprising these two pathways have been identified, and the corresponding gene products have been purified and characterized. We present here the purification and characterization of FtfL from M. extorquens AM1 and the confirmation that this enzyme is encoded by an ftfL homolog identified previously through transposon mutagenesis. Phenotypic analyses of the ftfL mutant strain demonstrated that FtfL activity is required for growth on C1 compounds. Unlike mutants defective for the H4MPT pathway, the ftfL mutant strain does not exhibit phenotypes indicative of defective formaldehyde oxidation. Furthermore, the ftfL mutant strain remained competent for wild-type conversion of [14C]methanol to [14C]CO2. Collectively, these data confirm our previous presumptions that the H4F pathway is not the key formaldehyde oxidation pathway in M. extorquens AM1. Rather, our data suggest an alternative model for the role of the H4F pathway in this organism in which it functions to convert formate to methylene H4F for assimilatory metabolism.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Box 352180, Seattle, WA 98195-2180. Phone: (206) 616-5282. Fax: (206) 616-5721. E-mail: lidstrom{at}u.washington.edu.

{dagger} Present address: 2215 Biomedical Physical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-4320.

Journal of Bacteriology, December 2003, p. 7169-7175, Vol. 185, No. 24
0021-9193/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.185.24.7169-7175.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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