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Journal of Bacteriology, February 2003, p. 1455-1458, Vol. 185, No. 4
0021-9193/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.185.4.1455-1458.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Differentiation and Anaerobiosis in Standing Liquid Cultures of Streptomyces coelicolor

Geertje van Keulen,1 Henk M. Jonkers,2 Dennis Claessen,1 Lubbert Dijkhuizen,1* and Han A. B. Wösten1,{dagger}

Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Haren, The Netherlands,1 Microsensor Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany2

Received 19 July 2002/ Accepted 15 October 2002

Streptomyces coelicolor differentiates on solid agar media by forming aerial hyphae that septate into spores. We here show that differentiation also occurs in standing liquid minimal media. After a period of submerged growth, hyphae migrate to the air interface, where they become fixed by a rigid reflecting film. Colonies that result from these hyphae form sporulating aerial hyphae. In addition, submerged hyphae in the liquid minimal medium may attach to the surface. Liquid standing cultures easily become anoxic only 1 to 2 mm below the surface. Yet, biomass increases, implying the existence of metabolic pathways supporting anaerobic growth.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology (GBB), University of Groningen, P.O. Box 14, Kerklaan 30, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands. Phone: 31.50.3632150. Fax: 31.50.3632154. E-mail: L.Dijkhuizen{at}biol.rug.nl.

{dagger} Present address: Department of Microbiology, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Journal of Bacteriology, February 2003, p. 1455-1458, Vol. 185, No. 4
0021-9193/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.185.4.1455-1458.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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