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Journal of Bacteriology, July 2004, p. 4730-4739, Vol. 186, No. 14
0021-9193/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.14.4730-4739.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Two C—P Lyase Operons in Pseudomonas stutzeri and Their Roles in the Oxidation of Phosphonates, Phosphite, and Hypophosphite

Andrea K. White and William W. Metcalf*

Chemical and Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801

Received 30 January 2004/ Accepted 5 April 2004

DNA sequencing and analysis of two distinct CP lyase operons in Pseudomonas stutzeri WM88 were completed. The htxABCDEFGHIJKLMN operon encodes a hypophosphite-2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase (HtxA), whereas the predicted amino acid sequences of HtxB to HtxN are each homologous to the components of the Escherichia coli phn operon, which encodes CP lyase, although homologs of E. coli phnF and phnO are absent. The genes in the htx operon are cotranscribed based on gene organization, and the presence of the intergenic sequences is verified by reverse transcription-PCR with total RNA. Deletion of the htx locus does not affect the ability of P. stutzeri to grow on phosphonates, indicating the presence of an additional CP lyase pathway in this organism. To identify the genes comprising this pathway, a {Delta}htx strain was mutagenized and one mutant lacking the ability to grow on methylphosphonate as the sole P source was isolated. A ca.-10.6-kbp region surrounding the transposon insertion site of this mutant was sequenced, revealing 13 open reading frames, designated phnCDEFGHIJKLMNP, which were homologous to the E. coli phn genes. Deletion of both the htx and phn operons of P. stutzeri abolishes all growth on methylphosphonate and aminoethylphosphonate. Both operons individually support growth on methylphosphonate; however, the phn operon supports growth on aminoethylphosphonate and phosphite, as well. The substrate ranges of both CP lyases are limited, as growth on other phosphonate compounds, including glyphosate and phenylphosphonate, was not observed.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, B103 Chemical and Life Sciences Laboratory, 601 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801. Phone: (217) 244-1943. Fax: (217) 244-6697. E-mail: metcalf{at}uiuc.edu.

Journal of Bacteriology, July 2004, p. 4730-4739, Vol. 186, No. 14
0021-9193/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.14.4730-4739.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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