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Transcriptional Analysis of the groES-groEL1, groEL2, and dnaK genes in Corynebacterium glutamicum: Characterization of Heat Shock-Induced Promoters

Institute of Biotechnology of León, León, 24006,¹ Area of Microbiology, Faculty of Biologic and Environmental Sciences, University of León, León, 24071, Spain,³ Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic²

Received 11 February 2004/ Accepted 13 April 2004

The appropriate conditions to switch on the heat shock promoters in Corynebacterium glutamicum were defined by Northern blot analysis. Transcriptional patterns were characterized for the groEL2 gene and the groES-groEL1 and dnaK operons. Transcriptional start points of these genes were determined by primer extension analysis, allowing the identification of CIRCE and HAIR boxes close to the –10 and –35 regions of the promoters. The presence of both CIRCE and HAIR sequences within a single promoter (P-groEL2) in bacteria is described for the first time. In addition, the dnaK promoter showed –10 and –35 sequences similar to those recognized by SigH of Mycobacterium and SigR of Streptomyces close to a second transcription start region with –10 and –35 boxes typical of promoters for housekeeping genes.

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