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Journal of Bacteriology, October 2004, p. 6902-6914, Vol. 186, No. 20
0021-9193/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.20.6902-6914.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Three Parallel Quorum-Sensing Systems Regulate Gene Expression in Vibrio harveyi{dagger}

Jennifer M. Henke and Bonnie L. Bassler*

Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey

Received 3 June 2004/ Accepted 12 July 2004

In a process called quorum sensing, bacteria communicate using extracellular signal molecules termed autoinducers. Two parallel quorum-sensing systems have been identified in the marine bacterium Vibrio harveyi. System 1 consists of the LuxM-dependent autoinducer HAI-1 and the HAI-1 sensor, LuxN. System 2 consists of the LuxS-dependent autoinducer AI-2 and the AI-2 detector, LuxPQ. The related bacterium, Vibrio cholerae, a human pathogen, possesses System 2 (LuxS, AI-2, and LuxPQ) but does not have obvious homologues of V. harveyi System 1. Rather, System 1 of V. cholerae is made up of the CqsA-dependent autoinducer CAI-1 and a sensor called CqsS. Using a V. cholerae CAI-1 reporter strain we show that many other marine bacteria, including V. harveyi, produce CAI-1 activity. Genetic analysis of V. harveyi reveals cqsA and cqsS, and phenotypic analysis of V. harveyi cqsA and cqsS mutants shows that these functions comprise a third V. harveyi quorum-sensing system that acts in parallel to Systems 1 and 2. Together these communication systems act as a three-way coincidence detector in the regulation of a variety of genes, including those responsible for bioluminescence, type III secretion, and metalloprotease production.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1014. Phone: (609) 258-2857. Fax: (609) 258-6175. E-mail: bbassler{at}molbio.princeton.edu.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jb.asm.org/.

Journal of Bacteriology, October 2004, p. 6902-6914, Vol. 186, No. 20
0021-9193/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.20.6902-6914.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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