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Journal of Bacteriology, November 2004, p. 7429-7439, Vol. 186, No. 21
0021-9193/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.21.7429-7439.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Biosynthesis of Cryptic Lipopolysaccharide Glycoforms in Haemophilus influenzae Involves a Mechanism Similar to That Required for O-Antigen Synthesis

Derek W. Hood,1* Gaynor Randle,1 Andrew D. Cox,2 Katherine Makepeace,1 Jianjun Li,2 Elke K. H. Schweda,3 James C. Richards,2 and E. Richard Moxon1

Molecular Infectious Diseases Group, University of Oxford Department of Paediatrics, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom,1 Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,2 Clinical Research Centre, Karolinska Institutet and University College of South Stockholm, NOVUM, Huddinge, Sweden3

Received 15 April 2004/ Accepted 10 August 2004

It is generally thought that mucosal bacterial pathogens of the genera Haemophilus, Neisseria, and Moraxella elaborate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that is fundamentally different from that of enteric organisms that express O-specific polysaccharide side chains. Haemophilus influenzae elaborates short-chain LPS that has a role in the pathogenesis of H. influenzae infections. We show that the synthesis of LPS in this organism can no longer be as clearly distinguished from that in other gram-negative bacteria that express an O antigen. We provide evidence that a region of the H. influenzae genome, the hmg locus, is involved in the synthesis of glycoforms in which tetrasaccharide units are added en bloc, not stepwise, to the normal core glycoforms, similar to the biosynthesis of an O-antigen.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Molecular Infectious Diseases Group, University of Oxford Department of Paediatrics, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom. Phone: (44) 1865 222347. Fax: (44) 1865 222626. E-mail: derek.hood{at}paediatrics.oxford.ac.uk.

Journal of Bacteriology, November 2004, p. 7429-7439, Vol. 186, No. 21
0021-9193/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.21.7429-7439.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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