This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Thormann, K. M.
Right arrow Articles by Spormann, A. M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Thormann, K. M.
Right arrow Articles by Spormann, A. M.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Bacteriology, December 2004, p. 8096-8104, Vol. 186, No. 23
0021-9193/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.23.8096-8104.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Initial Phases of Biofilm Formation in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1

Kai M. Thormann,1 Renée M. Saville,1 Soni Shukla,1 Dale A. Pelletier,1,{dagger} and Alfred M. Spormann1,2,3*

Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering,1 Biological Sciences,2 Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California3

Received 10 April 2004/ Accepted 24 August 2004

Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 is a facultative Fe(III)- and Mn(IV)-reducing microorganism and serves as a model for studying microbially induced dissolution of Fe or Mn oxide minerals as well as biogeochemical cycles. In soil and sediment environments, S. oneidensis biofilms form on mineral surfaces and are critical for mediating the metabolic interaction between this microbe and insoluble metal oxide phases. In order to develop an understanding of the molecular basis of biofilm formation, we investigated S. oneidensis biofilms developing on glass surfaces in a hydrodynamic flow chamber system. After initial attachment, growth of microcolonies and lateral spreading of biofilm cells on the surface occurred simultaneously within the first 24 h. Once surface coverage was almost complete, biofilm development proceeded with extensive vertical growth, resulting in formation of towering structures giving rise to pronounced three-dimensional architecture. Biofilm development was found to be dependent on the nutrient conditions, suggesting a metabolic control. In global transposon mutagenesis, 173 insertion mutants out of 15,000 mutants screened were identified carrying defects in initial attachment and/or early stages in biofilm formation. Seventy-one of those mutants exhibited a nonswimming phenotype, suggesting a role of swimming motility or motility elements in biofilm formation. Disruption mutations in motility genes (flhB, fliK, and pomA), however, did not affect initial attachment but affected progression of biofilm development into pronounced three-dimensional architecture. In contrast, mutants defective in mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin type IV pilus biosynthesis and in pilus retraction (pilT) showed severe defects in adhesion to abiotic surfaces and biofilm formation, respectively. The results provide a basis for understanding microbe-mineral interactions in natural environments.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: James H. Clark Center, E250, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5429. Phone: (650) 723-3668. Fax: (650) 724-4927. E-mail: spormann{at}stanford.edu.

{dagger} Present address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6149.

Journal of Bacteriology, December 2004, p. 8096-8104, Vol. 186, No. 23
0021-9193/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/JB.186.23.8096-8104.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Learman, D. R., Yi, H., Brown, S. D., Martin, S. L., Geesey, G. G., Stevens, A. M., Hochella, M. F. Jr. (2009). Involvement of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 LuxS in Biofilm Development and Sulfur Metabolism. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75: 1301-1307 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Klusener, S., Aktas, M., Thormann, K. M., Wessel, M., Narberhaus, F. (2009). Expression and Physiological Relevance of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis Genes. J. Bacteriol. 191: 365-374 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Varga, J. J., Therit, B., Melville, S. B. (2008). Type IV Pili and the CcpA Protein Are Needed for Maximal Biofilm Formation by the Gram-Positive Anaerobic Pathogen Clostridium perfringens. Infect. Immun. 76: 4944-4951 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ahimou, F., Semmens, M. J., Novak, P. J., Haugstad, G. (2007). Biofilm Cohesiveness Measurement Using a Novel Atomic Force Microscopy Methodology. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 2897-2904 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Anderson, B. N., Ding, A. M., Nilsson, L. M., Kusuma, K., Tchesnokova, V., Vogel, V., Sokurenko, E. V., Thomas, W. E. (2007). Weak Rolling Adhesion Enhances Bacterial Surface Colonization. J. Bacteriol. 189: 1794-1802 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Meshulam-Simon, G., Behrens, S., Choo, A. D., Spormann, A. M. (2007). Hydrogen Metabolism in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 1153-1165 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Teal, T. K., Lies, D. P., Wold, B. J., Newman, D. K. (2006). Spatiometabolic Stratification of Shewanella oneidensis Biofilms. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 7324-7330 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Thormann, K. M., Duttler, S., Saville, R. M., Hyodo, M., Shukla, S., Hayakawa, Y., Spormann, A. M. (2006). Control of Formation and Cellular Detachment from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Biofilms by Cyclic di-GMP.. J. Bacteriol. 188: 2681-2691 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • De Windt, W., Gao, H., Kromer, W., Van Damme, P., Dick, J., Mast, J., Boon, N., Zhou, J., Verstraete, W. (2006). AggA is required for aggregation and increased biofilm formation of a hyper-aggregating mutant of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1.. Microbiology 152: 721-729 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Thormann, K. M., Saville, R. M., Shukla, S., Spormann, A. M. (2005). Induction of Rapid Detachment in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Biofilms. J. Bacteriol. 187: 1014-1021 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»