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Journal of Bacteriology, May 2005, p. 3352-3358, Vol. 187, No. 10
0021-9193/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.187.10.3352-3358.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Horizontal Transfer of the High-Pathogenicity Island of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis{dagger}

Biliana Lesic and Elisabeth Carniel*

Yersinia Research Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France

Received 25 November 2004/ Accepted 2 February 2005

The horizontal transfer of genetic elements plays a major role in bacterial evolution. The high-pathogenicity island (HPI), which codes for an iron uptake system, is present and highly conserved in various Enterobacteriaceae, suggesting its recent acquisition by lateral gene transfer. The aim of this work was to determine whether the HPI has kept its ability to be transmitted horizontally. We demonstrate here that the HPI is indeed transferable from a donor to a recipient Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strain. This transfer was observable only when the donor and recipient bacteria were cocultured at low temperatures in a liquid medium. When optimized conditions were used (bacteria actively growing in an iron-deprived medium at 4°C), the frequency of HPI transfer reached ~10–8. The island was transferable to various serotype I strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis and to Yersinia pestis, but not to Y. pseudotuberculosis strains of serotypes II and IV or to Yersinia enterocolitica. Upon transfer, the HPI was inserted almost systematically into the asn3 tRNA locus. Acquisition of the HPI resulted in the loss of the resident island, suggesting an incompatibility between two copies of the HPI within the same strain. Transfer of the island did not require a functional HPI-borne insertion-excision machinery and was RecA dependent in the recipient but not the donor strain, suggesting that integration of the island into the recipient chromosome occurs via a mechanism of homologous recombination. This lateral transfer also involved the HPI-adjacent sequences, leading to the mobilization of a chromosomal region at least 46 kb in size.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Yersinia Research Unit, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France. Phone: (33)-1-45-68-83-26. Fax: (33)-1-40-61-30-01. E-mail: carniel2{at}pasteur.fr.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jb.asm.org/.

Journal of Bacteriology, May 2005, p. 3352-3358, Vol. 187, No. 10
0021-9193/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.187.10.3352-3358.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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