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Journal of Bacteriology, May 2005, p. 3391-3399, Vol. 187, No. 10
0021-9193/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.187.10.3391-3399.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Identification of cptA, a PmrA-Regulated Locus Required for Phosphoethanolamine Modification of the Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Lipopolysaccharide Core

R. Tamayo,1,{dagger} B. Choudhury,2 A. Septer,3 M. Merighi,3 R. Carlson,2 and J. S. Gunn3*

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., MC 7758, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900,1 Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602,2 Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and The Center for Microbial Interface Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 432103

Received 15 December 2004/ Accepted 8 February 2005

In response to the in vivo environment, the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is modified. These modifications are controlled in part by the two-component regulatory system PmrA-PmrB, with the addition of 4-aminoarabinose (Ara4N) to the lipid A and phosphoethanolamine (pEtN) to the lipid A and core. Here we demonstrate that the PmrA-regulated STM4118 (cptA) gene is necessary for the addition of pEtN to the LPS core. pmrC, a PmrA-regulated gene necessary for the addition of pEtN to lipid A, did not affect core pEtN addition. Although imparting a similar surface charge modification as Ara4N, which greatly affects polymyxin B resistance and murine virulence, neither pmrC nor cptA plays a dramatic role in antimicrobial peptide resistance in vitro or virulence in the mouse model. Therefore, factors other than surface charge/electrostatic interaction contribute to resistance to antimicrobial peptides such as polymyxin B.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Ohio State University, Tzagournis Medical Research Facility, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210-1214. Phone: (614) 292-6036. Fax: (614) 292-5495. E-mail: gunn.43{at}osu.edu.

{dagger} Current address: Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111.

Journal of Bacteriology, May 2005, p. 3391-3399, Vol. 187, No. 10
0021-9193/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.187.10.3391-3399.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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