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Journal of Bacteriology, July 2005, p. 4813-4821, Vol. 187, No. 14
0021-9193/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.187.14.4813-4821.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Enhancement of Glutamine Utilization in Bacillus subtilis through the GlnK-GlnL Two-Component Regulatory System

Takenori Satomura,1 Daisuke Shimura,2 Kei Asai,2 Yoshito Sadaie,2 Kazutake Hirooka,1 and Yasutaro Fujita1*

Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama 729-0292,1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan2

Received 11 January 2005/ Accepted 13 April 2005

During DNA microarray analysis, we discovered that the GlnK-GlnL (formerly YcbA-YcbB) two-component system positively regulates the expression of the glsA-glnT (formerly ybgJ-ybgH) operon in response to glutamine in the culture medium on Northern analysis. As a result of gel retardation and DNase I footprinting analyses, we found that the GlnL protein interacts with a region (bases –13 to –56; +1 is the transcription initiation base determined on primer extension analysis of glsA-glnT) in which a direct repeat, TTTTGTN4TTTTGT, is present. Furthermore, the glsA and glnT genes were biochemically verified to encode glutaminase and glutamine transporter, respectively.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Fukuyama University, 985 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama-shi, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan. Phone: 81 84 936 2111. Fax: 81 84 936 2023. E-mail: yfujita{at}bt.fubt.fukuyama-u.ac.jp.

Journal of Bacteriology, July 2005, p. 4813-4821, Vol. 187, No. 14
0021-9193/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.187.14.4813-4821.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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