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Journal of Bacteriology, July 2005, p. 4976-4983, Vol. 187, No. 14
0021-9193/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.187.14.4976-4983.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

PhoR1-PhoP1, a Third Two-Component System of the Family PhoRP from Myxococcus xanthus: Role in Development

Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, E18071 Granada, Spain

Received 14 December 2004/ Accepted 13 April 2005

The pair PhoR1-PhoP1 is the third two-component system of the family PhoRP reported in M. xanthus. PhoR1 is a histidine kinase anchored to the membrane through a transmembrane domain located in the amino-terminal portion of the protein. As a result, 93% of the protein is located in the cytoplasm. This topology is unusual in the PhoR-type histidine kinases. PhoP1 is a response regulator with a helix-loop-helix motif typical of the DNA-binding proteins. Although the operon phoPR1 is expressed during vegetative growth, it peaks during development. The expression levels of this operon are higher in phosphate-containing media than in those in which the nutrient is absent. A deletion mutant in this system exhibits a delay in aggregation and the formation of fruiting bodies larger than those of the wild-type strain. The expression of the operon is autoregulated. This system is also partially responsible for the expression of Mg-independent acid and neutral phosphatases, but it is not required for the expression of alkaline phosphatases.

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