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Journal of Bacteriology, August 2005, p. 5568-5577, Vol. 187, No. 16
0021-9193/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.187.16.5568-5577.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Swine and Poultry Pathogens: the Complete Genome Sequences of Two Strains of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and a Strain of Mycoplasma synoviae

LNCC/MCT, Petrópolis, RJ,¹ Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS,² Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS,³ Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,⁴ Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP,⁵ Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM,⁶ Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG,⁷ Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF,⁸ Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP,⁹ EMBRAPA/Empresa Pernambucana de Pesquisa Agropecuária, IPA, Recife, PE,¹⁰ Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, São Paulo, SP,¹¹ Instituto de Informática, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS,¹² Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA,¹³ Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA,¹⁴ Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF,¹⁵ Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS,¹⁶ Instituto de Biologia Molecular do Paraná, Curitiba, PR,¹⁷ Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC,¹⁸ CNPSA/EMBRAPA, Concórdia, SC,¹⁹ Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE,²⁰ Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE,²¹ EMBRAPA Milho e Sorgo, Sete Lagoas, MG,²² EMBRAPA Soja, Londrina, PR,²³ Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN,²⁴ Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM,²⁵ Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS,²⁶ Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, São José dos Pinhais, PR,²⁷ Instituto Nacional de Cncer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,²⁸ Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL,²⁹ Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR,³⁰ Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goinia, GO, Brazil,³¹ Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, New York,³²

Received 3 February 2005/ Accepted 19 May 2005

This work reports the results of analyses of three complete mycoplasma genomes, a pathogenic (7448) and a nonpathogenic (J) strain of the swine pathogen Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and a strain of the avian pathogen Mycoplasma synoviae; the genome sizes of the three strains were 920,079 bp, 897,405 bp, and 799,476 bp, respectively. These genomes were compared with other sequenced mycoplasma genomes reported in the literature to examine several aspects of mycoplasma evolution. Strain-specific regions, including integrative and conjugal elements, and genome rearrangements and alterations in adhesin sequences were observed in the M. hyopneumoniae strains, and all of these were potentially related to pathogenicity. Genomic comparisons revealed that reduction in genome size implied loss of redundant metabolic pathways, with maintenance of alternative routes in different species. Horizontal gene transfer was consistently observed between M. synoviae and Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Our analyses indicated a likely transfer event of hemagglutinin-coding DNA sequences from M. gallisepticum to M. synoviae.

Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jb.asm.org/.

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