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Journal of Bacteriology, September 2005, p. 6333-6340, Vol. 187, No. 18
0021-9193/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.187.18.6333-6340.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Transcriptional Response of Escherichia coli to External Zinc

Kaneyoshi Yamamoto1,4 and Akira Ishihama2,3,4*

Kinki University, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan,1 Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Division of Molecular Biology, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan,2 Hosei University, Faculty of Engineering and Research Center for Micro-Nanotechnology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan,3 National Institute of Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan4

Received 20 February 2005/ Accepted 21 June 2005

Transcriptional response of Escherichia coli to extracellular zinc was studied using DNA microarray and S1 mapping assays. Addition of external zinc induced the expression of zinc exporter ZntA and inhibited the expression of zinc importer ZnuC. In the continuous presence of zinc, ZnuC repression took place at lower zinc concentrations than ZntA induction. The microarray assay indicated that the addition of excess external zinc induces the expression of many genes that are organized in the regulon for cysteine biosynthesis, implying that cysteine plays a role in transient trapping of free zinc for maintenance of zinc homeostasis. Besides the RpoE regulon, other genes were also induced by zinc, suggesting that periplasmic proteins denatured by zinc induce the genes for protein repair. The microarray data of the newly identified zinc-responsive promoters were confirmed by S1 mapping.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Division of Molecular Biology, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan. Phone: (81) 428 33 1071. Fax: (81) 428 33 1072. E-mail: aishiham{at}nibs.or.jp.

Journal of Bacteriology, September 2005, p. 6333-6340, Vol. 187, No. 18
0021-9193/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.187.18.6333-6340.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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