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Cupin-Type Phosphoglucose Isomerases (Cupin-PGIs) Constitute a Novel Metal-Dependent PGI Family Representing a Convergent Line of PGI Evolution

Institut für Allgemeine Mikrobiologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany¹

Received 29 July 2004/ Accepted 27 September 2004

Cupin-type phosphoglucose isomerases (cPGIs) were identified in some archaeal and bacterial genomes and the respective coding function of cpgi's from the euryarchaeota Archaeoglobus fulgidus and Methanosarcina mazei, as well as the bacteria Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Ensifer meliloti, was proven by functional overexpression. These cPGIs and the cPGIs from Pyrococcus and Thermococcus spp. represent the cPGI family and were compared with respect to kinetic, inhibitory, thermophilic, and metal-binding properties. cPGIs showed a high specificity for the substrates fructose-6-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate and were inhibited by millimolar concentrations of sorbitol-6-phosphate, erythrose-4-phosphate, and 6-phosphogluconate. Treatment of cPGIs with EDTA resulted in a complete loss of catalytic activity, which could be regained by the addition of some divalent cations, most effectively by Fe²⁺ and Ni²⁺, indicating a metal dependence of cPGI activity. The motifs TX₃PX₃GXEX₃TXGHXHX_6-11EXY and PPX₃HX₃N were deduced as the two signature patterns of the novel cPGI family. Phylogenetic analysis suggests lateral gene transfer for the bacterial cPGIs from euryarchaeota.

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