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Global Transcriptome Analysis of the Cold Shock Response of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and Mutational Analysis of Its Classical Cold Shock Proteins

Haichun Gao,^1,2 Zamin K. Yang,¹ Liyou Wu,^1,3 Dorothea K. Thompson,^1, and Jizhong Zhou^1,3*

Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee,¹ Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan,² Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019³

Received 15 December 2005/ Accepted 2 April 2006

This study presents a global transcriptional analysis of the cold shock response of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 after a temperature downshift from 30°C to 8 or 15°C based on time series microarray experiments. More than 700 genes were found to be significantly affected (P 0.05) upon cold shock challenge, especially at 8°C. The temporal gene expression patterns of the classical cold shock genes varied, and only some of them, most notably so1648 and so2787, were differentially regulated in response to a temperature downshift. The global response of S. oneidensis to cold shock was also characterized by the up-regulation of genes encoding membrane proteins, DNA metabolism and translation apparatus components, metabolic proteins, regulatory proteins, and hypothetical proteins. Most of the metabolic proteins affected are involved in catalytic processes that generate NADH or NADPH. Mutational analyses confirmed that the small cold shock proteins, So1648 and So2787, are involved in the cold shock response of S. oneidensis. The analyses also indicated that So1648 may function only at very low temperatures.

Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jb.asm.org/.

Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 1-118 Lilly Hall of Life Sciences, 915 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054.

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