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Journal of Bacteriology, March 2006, p. 1935-1942, Vol. 188, No. 5
0021-9193/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.188.5.1935-1942.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Mutational Analysis of an Extracytoplasmic-Function Sigma Factor To Investigate Its Interactions with RNA Polymerase and DNA

Megan J. Wilson and Iain L. Lamont*

Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

Received 14 October 2005/ Accepted 13 December 2005

The extracytoplasmic-function (ECF) family of sigma factors comprises a large group of proteins required for synthesis of a wide variety of extracytoplasmic products by bacteria. Residues important for core RNA polymerase (RNAP) binding, DNA melting, and promoter recognition have been identified in conserved regions 2 and 4.2 of primary sigma factors. Seventeen residues in region 2 and eight residues in region 4.2 of an ECF sigma factor, PvdS from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were selected for alanine-scanning mutagenesis on the basis of sequence alignments with other sigma factors. Fourteen of the mutations in region 2 had a significant effect on protein function in an in vivo assay. Four proteins with alterations in regions 2.1 and 2.2 were purified as His-tagged fusions, and all showed a reduced affinity for core RNAP in vitro, consistent with a role in core binding. Region 2.3 and 2.4 mutant proteins retained the ability to bind core RNAP, but four mutants had reduced or no ability to cause core RNA polymerase to bind promoter DNA in a band-shift assay, identifying residues important for DNA binding. All mutations in region 4.2 reduced the activity of PvdS in vivo. Two of the region 4.2 mutant proteins were purified, and each showed a reduced ability to cause core RNA polymerase to bind to promoter DNA. The results show that some residues in PvdS have functions equivalent to those of corresponding residues in primary sigma factors; however, they also show that several residues not shared with primary sigma factors contribute to protein function.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. Phone: 64 3 479 7869. Fax: 64 3 479 7866. E-mail: iain.lamont{at}stonebow.otago.ac.nz.

Journal of Bacteriology, March 2006, p. 1935-1942, Vol. 188, No. 5
0021-9193/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.188.5.1935-1942.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

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