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Journal of Bacteriology, October 2007, p. 7450-7463, Vol. 189, No. 20
0021-9193/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.00362-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Changes in Nucleoid Morphology and Origin Localization upon Inhibition or Alteration of the Actin Homolog, MreB, of Vibrio cholerae{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Preeti Srivastava,1 Gäelle Demarre,1 Tatiana S. Karpova,2 James McNally,2 and Dhruba K. Chattoraj1*

Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,1 Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 208922

Received 10 March 2007/ Accepted 19 July 2007

MreB is an actin homolog required for the morphogenesis of most rod-shaped bacteria and for other functions, including chromosome segregation. In Caulobacter crescentus and Escherichia coli, the protein seems to play a role in the segregation of sister origins, but its role in Bacillus subtilis chromosome segregation is less clear. To help clarify its role in segregation, we have here studied the protein in Vibrio cholerae, whose chromosome I segregates like the one in C. crescentus and whose chromosome II like the one in E. coli or B. subtilis. The properties of Vibrio MreB were similar to those of its homologs in other bacteria in that it formed dynamic helical filaments, was essential for viability, and was inhibited by the drug A22. Wild-type (WT) cells exposed to A22 became spherical and larger. The nucleoids enlarged correspondingly, and the origin positions for both the chromosomes no longer followed any fixed pattern. However, the sister origins separated, unlike the situation in other bacteria. In mutants isolated as A22 resistant, the nucleoids in some cases appeared compacted even when the cell shape was nearly normal. In these cells, the origins of chromosome I were at the distal edges of the nucleoid but not all the way to the poles where they normally reside. The sister origins of chromosome II also separated less. Thus, it appears that the inhibition or alteration of Vibrio MreB can affect both the nucleoid morphology and origin localization.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: 37 Convent Drive, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-4260. Phone: (301) 496-9194. Fax: (301) 480-1493. E-mail: chattoraj{at}nih.gov

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 17 August 2007.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jb.asm.org.

Journal of Bacteriology, October 2007, p. 7450-7463, Vol. 189, No. 20
0021-9193/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.00362-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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