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Journal of Bacteriology, March 2007, p. 1597-1603, Vol. 189, No. 5
0021-9193/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.01402-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The L-Tartrate/Succinate Antiporter TtdT (YgjE) of L-Tartrate Fermentation in Escherichia coli{triangledown}

Ok Bin Kim and Gottfried Unden*

Institut für Mikrobiologie und Weinforschung, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Becherweg 15, 55099 Mainz, Germany

Received 1 September 2006/ Accepted 11 December 2006

Escherichia coli ferments L-tartrate under anaerobic conditions in the presence of an additional electron donor to succinate. The carrier for L-tartrate uptake and succinate export and its relation to the general C4-dicarboxylate carriers DcuA, DcuB, and DcuC were studied. The secondary carrier TtdT, encoded by the ttdT (previously called ygjE) gene, is required for the uptake of L-tartrate. The ttdT gene is located downstream of the ttdA and ttdB genes, encoding the L-tartrate dehydratase TtdAB. Analysis of mRNA by reverse transcription-PCR showed that ttdA, ttdB, and ttdT are cotranscribed. Deletion of ttdT abolished growth by L-tartrate and degradation of L-tartrate completely. Bacteria containing TtdT catalyze L-tartrate or succinate uptake and specific heterologous L-tartrate/succinate antiporting. D-Tartrate is not a substrate for TtdT. TtdT operates preferentially in the direction of tartrate uptake and succinate excretion. The Dcu carriers do not support anaerobic growth on L-tartrate or L-tartrate transport. TtdT is related in sequence and function to CitT, which catalyzes heterologous citrate/succinate antiporting in citrate fermentation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Gottfried Unden, Institut für Mikrobiologie und Weinforschung, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Becherweg 15, 55099 Mainz, Germany. Phone: 49-6131-3923550. Fax: 49-6131-3922695. E-mail: unden{at}uni-mainz.de.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 15 December 2006.

Journal of Bacteriology, March 2007, p. 1597-1603, Vol. 189, No. 5
0021-9193/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.01402-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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