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Journal of Bacteriology, May 2007, p. 3613-3623, Vol. 189, No. 9
0021-9193/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.01719-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Role of EAL-Containing Proteins in Multicellular Behavior of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium{triangledown}

Roger Simm, Astrid Lusch, Abdul Kader, Mats Andersson, and Ute Römling*

Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Box 280, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden

Received 7 November 2006/ Accepted 12 February 2007

GGDEF and EAL domain proteins are involved in turnover of the novel secondary messenger cyclic di(3'->5')-guanylic acid (c-di-GMP) in many bacteria. The rdar morphotype, a multicellular behavior of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium characterized by the expression of the extracellular matrix components cellulose and curli fimbriae is controlled by c-di-GMP. In this work the roles of the EAL and GGDEF-EAL domain proteins on rdar morphotype development were investigated. Knockout of four of 15 EAL and GGDEF-EAL domain proteins upregulated rdar morphotype expression and expression of CsgD, the central regulator of the rdar morphotype, and partially downregulated c-di-GMP concentrations. More-detailed analysis showed that the EAL domain protein STM4264 and the GGDEF-EAL domain protein STM1703, which highly downregulated the rdar morphotype, have overlapping yet distinct functions. Another subset of EAL and GGDEF-EAL domain proteins influenced multicellular behavior in liquid culture and flagellum-mediated motility. Consequently, this work has shown that several EAL and GGDEF-EAL domain proteins, which act as phosphodiesterases, play a determinative role in the expression level of multicellular behavior of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Box 280, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. Phone: (46) 8 5248 7319. Fax: (46) 8 330744. E-mail: ute.romling{at}ki.se

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 23 February 2007.

Journal of Bacteriology, May 2007, p. 3613-3623, Vol. 189, No. 9
0021-9193/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.01719-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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