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Journal of Bacteriology, June 2008, p. 4027-4037, Vol. 190, No. 11
0021-9193/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.01981-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Complete Genome Sequence of Uropathogenic Proteus mirabilis, a Master of both Adherence and Motility{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Melanie M. Pearson,1 Mohammed Sebaihia,2 Carol Churcher,2 Michael A. Quail,2 Aswin S. Seshasayee,3 Nicholas M. Luscombe,3 Zahra Abdellah,2 Claire Arrosmith,2 Becky Atkin,2 Tracey Chillingworth,2 Heidi Hauser,2 Kay Jagels,2 Sharon Moule,2 Karen Mungall,2 Halina Norbertczak,2 Ester Rabbinowitsch,2 Danielle Walker,2 Sally Whithead,2 Nicholas R. Thomson,2 Philip N. Rather,4 Julian Parkhill,2 and Harry L. T. Mobley1*

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,1 Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom,2 EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom,3 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia4

Received 20 December 2007/ Accepted 16 March 2008

The gram-negative enteric bacterium Proteus mirabilis is a frequent cause of urinary tract infections in individuals with long-term indwelling catheters or with complicated urinary tracts (e.g., due to spinal cord injury or anatomic abnormality). P. mirabilis bacteriuria may lead to acute pyelonephritis, fever, and bacteremia. Most notoriously, this pathogen uses urease to catalyze the formation of kidney and bladder stones or to encrust or obstruct indwelling urinary catheters. Here we report the complete genome sequence of P. mirabilis HI4320, a representative strain cultured in our laboratory from the urine of a nursing home patient with a long-term (≥30 days) indwelling urinary catheter. The genome is 4.063 Mb long and has a G+C content of 38.88%. There is a single plasmid consisting of 36,289 nucleotides. Annotation of the genome identified 3,685 coding sequences and seven rRNA loci. Analysis of the sequence confirmed the presence of previously identified virulence determinants, as well as a contiguous 54-kb flagellar regulon and 17 types of fimbriae. Genes encoding a potential type III secretion system were identified on a low-G+C-content genomic island containing 24 intact genes that appear to encode all components necessary to assemble a type III secretion system needle complex. In addition, the P. mirabilis HI4320 genome possesses four tandem copies of the zapE metalloprotease gene, genes encoding six putative autotransporters, an extension of the atf fimbrial operon to six genes, including an mrpJ homolog, and genes encoding at least five iron uptake mechanisms, two potential type IV secretion systems, and 16 two-component regulators.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 5641 Medical Science Bldg. II, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0620. Phone: (734) 764-1466. Fax: (734) 763-7163. E-mail: hmobley{at}umich.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 28 March 2008.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jb.asm.org/.

Journal of Bacteriology, June 2008, p. 4027-4037, Vol. 190, No. 11
0021-9193/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.01981-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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