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Journal of Bacteriology, August 2008, p. 5308-5317, Vol. 190, No. 15
0021-9193/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.00063-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Competitive and Cooperative Effects in Quorum-Sensing-Regulated Galactoglucan Biosynthesis in Sinorhizobium meliloti

Institute of Biology 3, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany

Received 13 January 2008/ Accepted 21 May 2008

The symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti possesses the Sin quorum-sensing system based on N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) as signal molecules. The Sin system consists of SinI, the AHL synthase, and SinR, the LuxR-type regulator. This system regulates the expression of a multitude of S. meliloti genes through ExpR, another LuxR-type regulator. Analysis of the activity of the sinI promoter showed that the expression of sinI is dependent on sinR and enhanced by a combination of expR and Sin AHLs. The characterization of the ExpR binding site upstream of sinI and the identification of binding sites upstream of the galactoglucan biosynthesis genes wgaA (expA1) and wgeA (expE1) allowed the definition of a consensus sequence for these binding sites. Based on this consensus, two additional ExpR binding sites in the promoter regions of exoI and exsH, two genes related to the production of succinoglycan, were found. The specific binding of ExpR to the wgaA and wgeA promoters was enhanced in the presence of oxo-C₁₄-HL. Positive regulation of the galactoglucan biosynthesis genes by ExpR was shown to be dependent on WggR (ExpG) and influenced by MucR, both of which are previously characterized regulators of these genes. Based on these results, a reworked model of the Sin-ExpR quorum-sensing regulation scheme of galactoglucan production in S. meliloti is suggested.

Published ahead of print on 30 May 2008.