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Journal of Bacteriology, November 2008, p. 7491-7499, Vol. 190, No. 22
0021-9193/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.00746-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Complete Genome Sequence of Thermococcus onnurineus NA1 Reveals a Mixed Heterotrophic and Carboxydotrophic Metabolism{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Hyun Sook Lee,1,{ddagger} Sung Gyun Kang,1,{ddagger} Seung Seob Bae,1,{ddagger} Jae Kyu Lim,1 Yona Cho,1 Yun Jae Kim,1 Jeong Ho Jeon,1 Sun-Shin Cha,1 Kae Kyoung Kwon,1 Hyung-Tae Kim,2 Cheol-Joo Park,2 Hee-Wook Lee,2 Seung Il Kim,3 Jongsik Chun,4 Rita R. Colwell,5 Sang-Jin Kim,1 and Jung-Hyun Lee1*

Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Ansan, P.O. Box 29, Seoul 425-600, South Korea,1 Macrogen, Inc., Gasan-dong, Seoul 153-781, South Korea,2 Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea,3 School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea,4 Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland5

Received 26 May 2008/ Accepted 29 August 2008

Members of the genus Thermococcus, sulfur-reducing hyperthermophilic archaea, are ubiquitously present in various deep-sea hydrothermal vent systems and are considered to play a significant role in the microbial consortia. We present the complete genome sequence and feature analysis of Thermococcus onnurineus NA1 isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent area, which reveal clues to its physiology. Based on results of genomic analysis, T. onnurineus NA1 possesses the metabolic pathways for organotrophic growth on peptides, amino acids, or sugars. More interesting was the discovery that the genome encoded unique proteins that are involved in carboxydotrophy to generate energy by oxidation of CO to CO2, thereby providing a mechanistic basis for growth with CO as a substrate. This lithotrophic feature in combination with carbon fixation via RuBisCO (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) introduces a new strategy with a complementing energy supply for T. onnurineus NA1 potentially allowing it to cope with nutrient stress in the surrounding of hydrothermal vents, providing the first genomic evidence for the carboxydotrophy in Thermococcus.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Ansan, P.O. Box 29, Seoul 425-600, South Korea. Phone: 82 31 400 6243. Fax: 82 31 406 2495. E-mail: jlee{at}kordi.re.kr

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 12 September 2008.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jb.asm.org/.

{ddagger} H.S.L., S.G.K., and S.S.B. contributed equally to this study.

Journal of Bacteriology, November 2008, p. 7491-7499, Vol. 190, No. 22
0021-9193/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.00746-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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