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Journal of Bacteriology, January 2009, p. 347-354, Vol. 191, No. 1
0021-9193/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.01238-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Complete Genome Sequence and Comparative Genome Analysis of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O127:H6 Strain E2348/69 {triangledown} ,{dagger}

Atsushi Iguchi,1 Nicholas R. Thomson,2 Yoshitoshi Ogura,1,3 David Saunders,2 Tadasuke Ooka,3 Ian R. Henderson,4 David Harris,2 M. Asadulghani,1 Ken Kurokawa,5 Paul Dean,6 Brendan Kenny,6 Michael A. Quail,2 Scott Thurston,2 Gordon Dougan,2 Tetsuya Hayashi,1,3 Julian Parkhill,2 and Gad Frankel7*

Division of Bioenvironmental Science, Frontier Science Research Center,1 Division of Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan,3 Pathogen Genomics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom,2 School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,4 Department of Biological Information, School and Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan,5 Institute of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom,6 Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom7

Received 5 September 2008/ Accepted 15 October 2008

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) was the first pathovar of E. coli to be implicated in human disease; however, no EPEC strain has been fully sequenced until now. Strain E2348/69 (serotype O127:H6 belonging to E. coli phylogroup B2) has been used worldwide as a prototype strain to study EPEC biology, genetics, and virulence. Studies of E2348/69 led to the discovery of the locus of enterocyte effacement-encoded type III secretion system (T3SS) and its cognate effectors, which play a vital role in attaching and effacing lesion formation on gut epithelial cells. In this study, we determined the complete genomic sequence of E2348/69 and performed genomic comparisons with other important E. coli strains. We identified 424 E2348/69-specific genes, most of which are carried on mobile genetic elements, and a number of genetic traits specifically conserved in phylogroup B2 strains irrespective of their pathotypes, including the absence of the ETT2-related T3SS, which is present in E. coli strains belonging to all other phylogroups. The genome analysis revealed the entire gene repertoire related to E2348/69 virulence. Interestingly, E2348/69 contains only 21 intact T3SS effector genes, all of which are carried on prophages and integrative elements, compared to over 50 effector genes in enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157. As E2348/69 is the most-studied pathogenic E. coli strain, this study provides a genomic context for the vast amount of existing experimental data. The unexpected simplicity of the E2348/69 T3SS provides the first opportunity to fully dissect the entire virulence strategy of attaching and effacing pathogens in the genomic context.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Flowers Building, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 20 7954 5253. Fax: 44 20 7594 3069. E-mail: g.frankel{at}imperial.ac.uk

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 24 October 2008.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jb.asm.org/.

Journal of Bacteriology, January 2009, p. 347-354, Vol. 191, No. 1
0021-9193/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.01238-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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