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Journal of Bacteriology, June 2009, p. 3981-3991, Vol. 191, No. 12
0021-9193/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.00278-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

RemA (YlzA) and RemB (YaaB) Regulate Extracellular Matrix Operon Expression and Biofilm Formation in Bacillus subtilis{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Jared T. Winkelman,{ddagger} Kris M. Blair, and Daniel B. Kearns*

Indiana University, Department of Biology, 1001 East Third Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47405

Received 2 March 2009/ Accepted 14 March 2009

Biofilms are multicellular aggregates stabilized by an extracellular matrix. In Bacillus subtilis, the biofilm matrix is composed of an extracellular polysaccharide and the secreted protein TasA. Expression of both of the matrix components is repressed by the DNA-binding master regulator, SinR. Here we identify two small protein regulators of the extracellular matrix: RemA (formerly YlzA) and RemB (formerly YaaB). Mutation of RemA or RemB impairs pellicle formation, complex colony architecture, and motility inhibition in a sinR mutant background. Both proteins are required for the activation of the matrix biosynthesis operons and appear to act in parallel to SinR and two other known biofilm regulators, AbrB and DegU.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biology, Indiana University, 1001 East Third St., Bloomington, IN 47405. Phone: (812) 856-2523. Fax: (812) 855-6705. E-mail: dbkearns{at}indiana.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 10 April 2009.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jb.asm.org/.

{ddagger} Present address: Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Dr., Madison, WI 53706.

Journal of Bacteriology, June 2009, p. 3981-3991, Vol. 191, No. 12
0021-9193/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JB.00278-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Murray, E. J., Strauch, M. A., Stanley-Wall, N. R. (2009). {sigma}X Is Involved in Controlling Bacillus subtilis Biofilm Architecture through the AbrB Homologue Abh. J. Bacteriol. 191: 6822-6832 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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