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J Bacteriol. 1968 May; 95(5): 1520-1541
Copyright @ 1968 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

A Study of the Moraxella Group II. Oxidative-negative Species (Genus Acinetobacter)1

P. Baumann2, M. Doudoroff and R. Y. Stanier

a Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Univer sity of California, Berkeley, California 94720

ABSTRACT

A number of nutritional and biochemical properties of more than 100 strains of the oxidase-negative moraxellas (the Mima-Herellea-Acinetobacter group of bacteria) were studied. These properties included the range of carbon sources that can support growth, the utilization of nitrate, the production of proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes, and the reactions involved in the oxidation of sugars and of aromatic compounds. No evidence could be obtained for the accumulation of either poly-ß-hydroxybutyrate or polysaccharide as intracellular reserve materials. Of 158 different compounds tested, the group as a whole could use 85 as sole carbon sources for growth. The nutritional spectra of the individual strains, however, differed widely, with a range of from 17 to 74 alternative substrates. On the basis of 56 selected nutritional and physiological characters used for a numerical analysis, the collection could be divided into two major groups of strains comprising at least seven less clearly defined clusters. Neither the hydrolysis of gelatin nor acid production from aldose sugars was found to be a reliable index of strain affinities indicated by the phenotypic analysis, although both properties were of some use in distinguishing between the subgroups. For reasons that are discussed, we propose that the oxidase-negative moraxellas be placed in the genus Acinetobacter Brisou and Prévot, for which a modified description is presented. A. calco-aceticus (Beijerinck) is proposed as the type species, of which anitratum is regarded as a synonym or variety. On the basis of the present studies and unpublished supporting evidence provided by M. Mandel on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) composition and by J. Johnson on DNA homologies, it is proposed that two other species in the genus, A. lwoffi (Audureau) and A. hemolysans (Henriksen), as well as one subspecies, A. hemolysans haemolyticus (Stenzel and Mannheim), be recognized provisionally.

FOOTNOTES

2 Present address: Retina Foundation, Boston, Mass. 02104.

1 This report is taken, in large part, from a dissertation submitted by the senior author in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Ph.D. degree in Bacteriology.

J Bacteriol. 1968 May; 95(5): 1520-1541
Copyright @ 1968 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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