This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Lucas, C. E.
Right arrow Articles by Shafer, W. M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Lucas, C. E.
Right arrow Articles by Shafer, W. M.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

J. Bacteriol., Jul 1997, 4123-4128, Vol 179, No. 13
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology

The MtrR repressor binds the DNA sequence between the mtrR and mtrC genes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

CE Lucas, JT Balthazar, KE Hagman and WM Shafer
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.

Gonococcal resistance to antimicrobial hydrophobic agents (HAs) is due to energy-dependent removal of HAs from the bacterial cell by the MtrCDE membrane-associated efflux pump. The mtrR (multiple transferrable resistance Regulator) gene encodes a putative transcriptional repressor protein (MtrR) believed to be responsible for regulation of mtrCDE gene expression. Gel mobility shift and DNase I footprint assays that used a maltose-binding protein (MBP)-MtrR fusion protein demonstrated that the MtrR repressor is capable of specifically binding the DNA sequence between the mtrR and mtrC genes. This binding site was localized to a 26-nucleotide stretch that includes the promoter utilized for mtrCDE transcription and, on the complementary strand, a 22-nucleotide stretch that contains the -35 region of the mtrR promoter. A single transition mutation (A-->G) within the MtrR- binding site decreased the affinity of the target DNA for MtrR and enhanced gonococcal resistance to HAs when introduced into HA- susceptible strain FA19 by transformation. Since this mutation enhanced expression of the mtrCDE gene complex but decreased expression of the mtrR gene, the data are consistent with the notion that MtrR acts as a transcriptional repressor of the mtrCDE efflux pump protein genes.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Folster, J. P., Johnson, P. J. T., Jackson, L., Dhulipali, V., Dyer, D. W., Shafer, W. M. (2009). MtrR Modulates rpoH Expression and Levels of Antimicrobial Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J. Bacteriol. 191: 287-297 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Vernel-Pauillac, F., Nandi, S., Nicholas, R. A., Goarant, C. (2008). Genotyping as a Tool for Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in New Caledonia: Evidence of a Novel Genotype Associated with Reduced Penicillin Susceptibility. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52: 3293-3300 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Garvin, L. E., Bash, M. C., Keys, C., Warner, D. M., Ram, S., Shafer, W. M., Jerse, A. E. (2008). Phenotypic and Genotypic Analyses of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates That Express Frequently Recovered PorB PIA Variable Region Types Suggest that Certain P1a Porin Sequences Confer a Selective Advantage for Urogenital Tract Infection. Infect. Immun. 76: 3700-3709 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ilina, E. N., Vereshchagin, V. A., Borovskaya, A. D., Malakhova, M. V., Sidorenko, S. V., Al-Khafaji, N. C., Kubanova, A. A., Govorun, V. M. (2008). Relation between Genetic Markers of Drug Resistance and Susceptibility Profile of Clinical Neisseria gonorrhoeae Strains. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52: 2175-2182 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Folster, J. P., Dhulipala, V., Nicholas, R. A., Shafer, W. M. (2007). Differential Regulation of ponA and pilMNOPQ Expression by the MtrR Transcriptional Regulatory Protein in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J. Bacteriol. 189: 4569-4577 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Buroni, S., Manina, G., Guglierame, P., Pasca, M. R., Riccardi, G., De Rossi, E. (2006). LfrR Is a Repressor That Regulates Expression of the Efflux Pump LfrA in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 50: 4044-4052 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hoffmann, K. M., Williams, D., Shafer, W. M., Brennan, R. G. (2005). Characterization of the Multiple Transferable Resistance Repressor, MtrR, from Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J. Bacteriol. 187: 5008-5012 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ramos, J. L., Martinez-Bueno, M., Molina-Henares, A. J., Teran, W., Watanabe, K., Zhang, X., Gallegos, M. T., Brennan, R., Tobes, R. (2005). The TetR Family of Transcriptional Repressors. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 69: 326-356 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Folster, J. P., Shafer, W. M. (2005). Regulation of mtrF Expression in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Its Role in High-Level Antimicrobial Resistance. J. Bacteriol. 187: 3713-3720 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Vereshchagin, V. A., Ilina, E. N., Malakhova, M. V., Zubkov, M. M., Sidorenko, S. V., Kubanova, A. A., Govorun, V. M. (2004). Fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from Russia: molecular mechanisms implicated. J Antimicrob Chemother 53: 653-656 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lee, E.-H., Rouquette-Loughlin, C., Folster, J. P., Shafer, W. M. (2003). FarR Regulates the farAB-Encoded Efflux Pump of Neisseria gonorrhoeae via an MtrR Regulatory Mechanism. J. Bacteriol. 185: 7145-7152 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jerse, A. E., Sharma, N. D., Simms, A. N., Crow, E. T., Snyder, L. A., Shafer, W. M. (2003). A Gonococcal Efflux Pump System Enhances Bacterial Survival in a Female Mouse Model of Genital Tract Infection. Infect. Immun. 71: 5576-5582 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Parschat, K., Hauer, B., Kappl, R., Kraft, R., Huttermann, J., Fetzner, S. (2003). Gene Cluster of Arthrobacter ilicis Ru61a Involved in the Degradation of Quinaldine to Anthranilate: CHARACTERIZATION AND FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION OF THE QUINALDINE 4-OXIDASE qoxLMS GENES. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 27483-27494 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Veal, W. L., Shafer, W. M. (2003). Identification of a cell envelope protein (MtrF) involved in hydrophobic antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Antimicrob Chemother 51: 27-37 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Grkovic, S., Brown, M. H., Skurray, R. A. (2002). Regulation of Bacterial Drug Export Systems. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 66: 671-701 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Santangelo, M. P., Goldstein, J., Alito, A., Gioffre, A., Caimi, K., Zabal, O., Zumarraga, M., Romano, M. I., Cataldi, A. A., Bigi, F. (2002). Negative transcriptional regulation of the mce3 operon in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microbiology 148: 2997-3006 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ng, L.-K., Martin, I., Liu, G., Bryden, L. (2002). Mutation in 23S rRNA Associated with Macrolide Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 3020-3025 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Rouquette-Loughlin, C., Stojiljkovic, I., Hrobowski, T., Balthazar, J. T., Shafer, W. M. (2002). Inducible, but Not Constitutive, Resistance of Gonococci to Hydrophobic Agents Due to the MtrC-MtrD-MtrE Efflux Pump Requires TonB-ExbB-ExbD Proteins. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 561-565 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Grkovic, S., Brown, M. H., Schumacher, M. A., Brennan, R. G., Skurray, R. A. (2001). The Staphylococcal QacR Multidrug Regulator Binds a Correctly Spaced Operator as a Pair of Dimers. J. Bacteriol. 183: 7102-7109 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kojic, M., Venturi, V. (2001). Regulation of rpoS Gene Expression in Pseudomonas: Involvement of a TetR Family Regulator. J. Bacteriol. 183: 3712-3720 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Chopra, I., Roberts, M. (2001). Tetracycline Antibiotics: Mode of Action, Applications, Molecular Biology, and Epidemiology of Bacterial Resistance. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 65: 232-260 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zarantonelli, L., Borthagaray, G., Lee, E. H., Veal, W., Shafer, W. M. (2001). Decreased susceptibility to azithromycin and erythromycin mediated by a novel mtr(R) promoter mutation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. J Antimicrob Chemother 47: 651-654 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Snyder, L. A. S., Saunders, N. J., Shafer, W. M. (2001). A Putatively Phase Variable Gene (dca) Required for Natural Competence in Neisseria gonorrhoeae but Not Neisseria meningitidis Is Located within the Division Cell Wall (dcw) Gene Cluster. J. Bacteriol. 183: 1233-1241 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Zarantonelli, L., Borthagaray, G., Lee, E.-H., Shafer, W. M. (1999). Decreased Azithromycin Susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Due to mtrR Mutations. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 43: 2468-2472 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Grkovic, S., Brown, M. H., Roberts, N. J., Paulsen, I. T., Skurray, R. A. (1998). QacR Is a Repressor Protein That Regulates Expression of the Staphylococcus aureus Multidrug Efflux Pump QacA. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 18665-18673 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Shafer, W. M., Qu, X.-D., Waring, A. J., Lehrer, R. I. (1998). Modulation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae susceptibility to vertebrate antibacterial peptides due to a member of the resistance/nodulation/division efflux pump family. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 1829-1833 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»