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J Bacteriol, April 1998, p. 1831-1840, Vol. 180, No. 7
0021-9193/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Acquisition of Five High-Mr
Penicillin-Binding Protein Variants during Transfer of High-Level
-Lactam Resistance from Streptococcus mitis to
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Regine
Hakenbeck,1,*
Andrea
König,1
Izabella
Kern,1,
Mark
van der
Linden,1
Wolfgang
Keck,2
Danielle
Billot-Klein,3
Raymond
Legrand,4
Bernard
Schoot,4 and
Laurent
Gutmann3
Max-Planck Institut für Molekulare
Genetik, D-14195 Berlin, Germany1;
Hoffmann-LaRoche, CH 4070 Basel,
Switzerland2; and
IRMA, Université
Paris VI, 75270 Paris Cedex 06,3 and
Department of Physics, Roussel UCLAF, 93230 Romainville,4 France
Received 29 October 1997/Accepted 2 February 1998
Penicillin-resistant isolates of Streptococcus
pneumoniae generally contain mosaic genes encoding the
low-affinity penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) PBP2x, PBP2b, and
PBP1a. We now present evidence that PBP2a and PBP1b also appear
to be low-affinity variants and are encoded by distinct alleles in
-lactam-resistant transformants of S. pneumoniae obtained with chromosomal donor DNA from a
Streptococcus mitis isolate. Different lineages of
-lactam-resistant pneumococcal transformants were analyzed, and
transformants with low-affinity variants of all high-molecular-mass
PBPs, PBP2x, -2a, -2b, -1a, and -1b, were isolated. The MICs of
benzylpenicillin, oxacillin, and cefotaxime for these
transformants were up to 40, 100, and 50 µg/ml, respectively, close
to the MICs for the S. mitis donor strain. Recruitment of
low-affinity PBPs was accompanied by a decrease in cross-linked
muropeptides as revealed by high-performance liquid chromatography of
muramidase-digested cell walls, but no qualitative changes in
muropeptide chemistry were detected. The growth rates of all
transformants were identical to that of the parental S. pneumoniae strain. The results stress the potential for the
acquisition by S. pneumoniae of high-level
-lactam
resistance by interspecies gene transfer.
*
Corresponding author. Present address:
Universität Kaiserslautern, Abt. Mikrobiologie, Paul-Ehrlich
Straße Geb. 23, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany. Phone: 49-631-205 2353. Fax: 49-631-205 3799. E-mail: hakenb{at}rhrk.uni-kl.de.
Present address: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish
Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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